SAS Learning Hub

                                                  PROC TRANSPOSE  PROC TRANSPOSE:- USED FOR DATA ROTATION/FLIPPING DATA/RE-STRUCTURING THE DATA -OBSERVATIONS TO VARIABLES -VARIABLES TO OBSERVATIONS BY:: BY USING SORTED DATA WE CAN ALSO TRANSPOSE THE DATA DATA TRANS; INPUT NAME$ SUBJECT$ MARKS; CARDS; RAJU MATHS 52 SHIVA ENGLISH 56 MANEESHA ZOO 45 RAVLI ENGLISH 55 KUMAR BOTANY 65 REDDY MATHS 63 ANIL ZOO 56 RAM MATHS 54 ; RUN; PROC SORT DATA=TRANS; BY NAME; RUN; PROC TRANSPOSE DATA=TRANS OUT=TRANSPOSED; BY NAME; ID SUBJECT; VAR MARKS; RUN; BY DEFAULT PROC TRANSPOSE WILL TRANSPOSE THE "ALL NUMERIC VARIABLES" IN THE DATASET  PROC TRANSPOSE DATA=TRANS OUT=NOSTATEMENT PREFIX=STUDENT; RUN; SORT PROCEDURE IS NOT REQUIRED IF YOU ARE MENTIONED "NOTSORTED" OPTION IN "BY STATEMENT PROC TRANSPOSE DATA=TRANS NAME=VNAME OUT=NOTSORTED; BY NAME NOTSORTED; ID SUBJECT; VAR...

                                                  DO LOOPS  --TO DO REPETITIVE CALCULATIONS --AND TO REDUCE THE CODE DATA REPEAT; AMOUNT=5000; RATE=0.50; YEARLY=AMOUNT*RATE; QUARTERLY+((QUARTERLY+AMOUNT)+RATE/4); QUARTERLY+((QUARTERLY+AMOUNT)+RATE/4); QUARTERLY+((QUARTERLY+AMOUNT)+RATE/4); QUARTERLY+((QUARTERLY+AMOUNT)+RATE/4); RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA REAL; AMOUNT=5000; RATE=0.50; YEARLY=AMOUNT*RATE; DO I=1 TO 4; QUARTERLY+((QUARTERLY+AMOUNT)+RATE/4); OUTPUT; END; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA REAL; AMOUNT=5000; RATE=0.50; YEARLY=AMOUNT*RATE; DO I=1 TO 1000; QUARTERLY+((QUARTERLY+AMOUNT)+RATE/4); OUTPUT; END; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; -IF YOU ARE USING "DO" STATEMENT IT WILL BE CLOSED WITH "END" STATEMENT WITHOUT 'OUTPUT' STATEMENT IT WILL GIVE 'ONLY ONE OBSERVATION' AND 'HIGHEST ITRETIVE VALUE' DATA AA; DO I=1 TO 5; *1+2=3 2+2=4 3+2=5 4+2=6 5+2=7 I=6 Y=7 */; Y=...

                                               SAS FUNCTIONS TO CHANGE THE CASE OF THE CHARACTER -- UPCASE :: VALUE WILL CAPITAL LETTERS -- LOWCASE :: VALUE WILL SMALL LETTERS -- PROPCASE :: FIRST LETTER WILL BE IN CAPITAL REMAINING ALL SMALL LETTERS   DATA CASE; STR='THis Is SaS dAtA vaLUE'; AAA=UPCASE(STR); BBB=LOWCASE(STR); CCC=PROPCASE(STR); RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA CLASS; SET SASHELP.CLASS; NAME=LOWCASE(NAME); RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; --TO EXTRACT THE PART OF THE STRING  1. SUBSTR (VARIABLE,POSITION,LENGTH)  2. CHAR DATA STR; STRING='RAMAVATHI RASAM INFOSYS HYD'; STR1=SUBSTR(STRING,3,3); STR2=SUBSTR(STRING,5); STR3=SUBSTR(STRING,5,7); RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA SS; A='RANGARAJ HITECH CITY'; B=SUBSTR(A,4); C=SUBSTR(A,7,3); RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA DD; STR='KJHSDDGA ABDJGUY'; STR1=SUBSTR(STR,6,5); RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA SASS; SET SASHELP.CLASS; K...

How to learn retain and sum statements in sas? 1.CREATING AN ACCUMULATING(OVERALL) TOTAL VARIABLE 2.ACCUMULATING TOTAL FOR GROUPING THE DATA     1.RETAIN STATEMENT     2.SUM STATEMENT     1.RETAIN(HOLDING THE VALUE) STATEMENT -->IT WILL RETAIN VALUE OF VARIABLE IN PDV ACROSS THE ITERATION OF DATASET -->IT WILL INITIALIZE THE RETAIN VALUE TO 'MISSING/ZERO' BEFORE THE FIRST EXECUTION -->IF THERE IS A MISSING VALUE IN  VARIABLE ,ALL VARIABLE VALUES WILL BE MISSING DATA SAS; INPUT ID SALARY; CARDS; 101 25000 102 26000 103 27000 104 18000 105 28000 106 23000 107 29000 108 30000 109 31000 110 34000 ; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA SWA; SET SAS; TOTAL=SALARY+TOTAL; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA SWA11; SET SAS; TOTAL=0; TOTAL=SALARY+TOTAL; *25000+0=25000 26000+0=26000; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA S; SET SASHELP.CLASS; AGENEW=0; TOTAL=AGE+AGENEW; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; TO AVOID THIS CONDITION USE 'RETAIN' STATEMENT  DATA SWA12; SET SAS; RETAIN TOTAL 0; TOT...

                              14.PUT,FILE,TABULATE STATEMENTS ---> WHAT IS THE DIFF B/W INPUT AND PUT    ? INPUT : IT WRITES THE VARIABLES INFO IN SAS VARIABLES PUT : IT WRITES VARIABLES FOR EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT              ---> WHAT IS THE DIFF B/W INFILE AND FILE ? INFILE : IT IS USED FOR EXTERNAL DATASETS TO SAS ENVIRONMENT FILE : IT IS USED PATH WHERE YOU WANT TO STORE THE RAW DATA TO "READING" THE TEXT FILE INTO SAS::PROC IMPORT IN DATASTEP DATA SAS; INFILE "C:\Users\sumed\OneDrive\Desktop\CLASS.TXT"; INPUT NAME$ AGE GEND$ HT WT; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; TO "WRITE" SAS DATA TO EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT:: PROC EXPORT IN DATASETP --PUT:GIVE A VARIABLE INFO OF SAS DATASET --FILE:WHERE WE CAN WRITE THE FILE/EXTERNAL FILE PATH DATA SAS11; SET SASHELP.CLASS; FILE 'C:\Users\sumed\OneDrive\Desktop\CLASS12.txt'; PUT NAME AGE SEX HEIGHT WEIGHT; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; TO GET D...

                                            OUTPUT STATEMENT CONTROLLING THE OUTPUT :::: --->HOW TO CREATE MULTIPLE OBSERVATIONS FROM 'ONE OBSERVATION'? ---> BY USING 'OUTPUT' STATEMENT          FOR CALCULATING THE AGES FOR ONLY ONE YEAR WHAT IF CALCULATING THE AGES FOR 5 YR? 1. FOR CALCULATING THE AGES FOR ONLY ONE YEAR DATA SAS; SET SASHELP.CLASS; YEAR=1; NEWAGE=AGE+1; *14+1=15 12+1=13 ;   RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; 2. WHAT IF CALCULATING THE AGES FOR 5 YR ? LAST OBSERVATION VALUE WILL COME IN THE OUTPUT DATA SAS; SET SASHELP.CLASS; YEAR=1; NEWAGE=AGE+1; YEAR=2; NEWAGE=AGE+2; YEAR=3; NEWAGE=AGE+3; YEAR=4; NEWAGE=AGE+4; YEAR=5; NEWAGE=AGE+5; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; ----FOR PROPER OUTPUT USE 'OUTPUT' STATEMENT TO THE SYNTAX DATA SAS; SET SASHELP.CLASS; YEAR=1; NEWAGE=AGE+1; OUTPUT; YEAR=2;  NEWAGE=AGE+2; OUTPUT; YEAR=3; NEWAGE=AGE+3; OUTPUT...

                                    12 .  LABELS AND FORMATS 1.LABELS::: IT CHANGE THE APPEARANCE OF VARIABLES EG::        STRTDT=====START DATE                                GENDER=====SEX 2.FORMATS::: TO "WRITE" THE DATA 3.INFORMATS::: TO "READ" THE DATA 2. SAS FORMATS:- ARE IN CHARACTER $,                                                  NUMERIC &                                                  DATE    CHARACTER:             FIRST_NAME $2.                ...

                                                      GCHART AND GPLOT   1. GCHART : PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF DATA 2. GPLOT : IT WILL PLOT THE GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF DATA 1. GCHART : PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF DATA PROC GCHART DATA=SASHELP.CLASS; VBAR NAME AGE; RUN; PROC GCHART DATA=SASHELP.CLASS; HBAR SEX AGE; RUN; PROC GCHART DATA=SASHELP.CLASS; VBAR3D NAME AGE; RUN; PROC GCHART DATA=SASHELP.CLASS; HBAR3D SEX AGE; RUN; PROC GCHART DATA=SASHELP.CLASS; PIE NAME AGE; RUN; PROC GCHART DATA=SASHELP.CLASS; PIE3D SEX AGE; RUN; 2.GPLOT: IT WILL PLOT THE GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF DATA PROC GPLOT DATA=PROG1.SALES; PLOT SALARY*GENDER/HAXIS=1 TO 12; FORMAT SALARY DOLLAR12.2; LABEL SALARY='YEAR SALARY'; SYMBOL V=DOT I=JOIN CV=RED CI=GREEN;   RUN; PROC GPLOT DATA=PROG1.BUDGET; PLOT YR2004*MONTH YR2007*MONTH/OVERLAY HAXIS=1 TO 12 CFRAME="VE...

                                        COMBINING THE DATASETS   ---> TWO DATASETS WILL BE COMBINED TOGETHER   1.APPENDING::: VERTICALLY COMBINING    2.CONCATENATING:: HORIZONTALLY COMBINING    3.MERGING:: HORIZONTALLY COMBINING  1. APPENDING ::(VERTICALLY)-IT WILL ADD THE ALL OBSERVATIONS FROM 2ND DATASET                  TO ORIGINAL(1ST) DATASET --->I. FOR THE SAME VARIABLE INFO IN BOTH DATASETS DATA AA; INPUT NAME$ AGE GEND$ CLASS; CARDS; KARTHIK 25  M 8 TIRUMALA 26 M 9 HEMA     24 F 10 RAMYA    25 F 11 ; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA BB; INPUT NAME$ AGE GEND$ CLASS; CARDS; RAM     24 M 6 RAJU    26 M 5 NIKITHA 24 F 8 SRAVANI 26 F 6 AJAYRAJ 27 M 7 ; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; PROC APPEND BASE=AA             DATA=BB; RUN; II. ...

                            CREATING NEW VARIABLES --->1.ASSIGNMENT STATEMENT (XXXX=) --->2.CONDITIONAL STATEMENT (HAVE TO A CONDITION FOR VAR); --->3.SUM STATEMENT(XXX+YYY) --->1. ASSIGNMENT STATEMENT (XXXX=) DATA SAS; SET SASHELP.CLASS; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA SAS; SET SASHELP.CLASS; NEWAGE=AGE; gender=sex; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; ---> 3.SUM STATEMENT(XXX+YYY) DATA SAS; SET SASHELP.CLASS; NEWAGE=AGE+2;         *11+2=13(NEWAGE); RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA SAS; SET SASHELP.CLASS; ANIL=AGE-2; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA SAS; SET SASHELP.CLASS; ANIL=AGE*2; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; DATA SASAS; SET PROG1.SALES; BONUS=500; TOTAL=SALARY+BONUS;*25000+500=25500; RUN; PROC PRINT; RUN; --->2 .CONDITIONAL STATEMENT (HAVE TO A CONDITION FOR VARIABLES) ; THESE ARE THE CONDITIONAL STATEMEMTS:        1.IF THEN      2.IF THEN ELSE    3.IF THEN ELSE I...

                                  CREATING USER(OWN) DEFINED FORMATS --->BY USING PROC FORMAT:::WE CAN USE USER DEFINED FORMAT               ****VALUE STATEMENT IS NEED IN USER DEFINED FORMAT   -->IF CHARACTER---DOLLAR SYMBOL IS USED   -->IF NUMERIC---NO NEED OF DOLLAR(LETTER/UNDERSCORE) SYMBOL   -->CANNOT BE MORE THAN 32 CHARACTER IF CHARACTER---DOLLAR SYMBOL PROC FORMAT;    VALUE $RAMU  'AU'='AUSTRALIA'                                   'US'='UNITED STATES'                           'OTHER'='MISSING'         'IN'='INDIA'; RUN; PROC PRINT DATA=PROG1.SALES; VAR COUNTRY GENDER; FORMAT COUNTRY $RAMU.     ; RUN; -->IF NUMERIC--...

            DATA VALIDATION AND DATA CLEANING : :: -->WE CAN CLEAN THE DATA OUTSIDE OF THE SAS ENVIRONMENT LIKE TEXT AND EXCEL FILE -->EDIT THE RAW DATA BY USING RIGHT CLICK-----> "EDIT MODE"--->BROWSE MODE OPTION -->BY PROGRAMATICALLY CAN WE CLEAN THE DATA? YES WE CAN, --->PROC PRINT:: BOTH CHARACTER  AND NUMERIC --->PROC FREQ:: BOTH CHARACTER AND NUMERIC --->PROC MEANS:: NUMERIC --->PROC UNIVARIATE:: NUMERIC --->PROC SUMMARY:: NUMERIC EG1: PROC PRINT DATA=SASHELP.CLASS; WHERE NAME IS MISSING; RUN; EG2: PROC PRINT DATA=SASHELP.CLASS NOOBS ; WHERE SEX IS MISSING; RUN; ---> PROC MEANS ::: IT WILL GIVE THE "SUMMARY STATISTICS FOR ALL NON MISSING                          NUMERIC VARIABLES" SYNTAX :: PROC MEANS DATA=XXXX.YYY; RUN; OPTIONS :::: ---VAR    ---N  ---MEAN   ---STANDARD DEVIATION(STD)   --MIN   --MAX...

                 SUBSETTING/CONTROLLING OBSERVATIONS AND VARIABLE FOR OBSERVATIONS:::TO SUBSET OBSERVATION THERE ARE STATEMENTS LIKE           1.WHERE   2.IF THEN    3.IF THEN ELSE   4.FIRST OBS AND OBS   5.FIRST. AND LAST.      ETC FOR VARIABLES::::TO SUBSET VARIABLES THERE ARE STATEMENTS LIKE         1.KEEP:INCLUDING THE VARIABLES 2.DROP:EXCLUDING THE VARIABLES  1. WHERE:  -->WE CAN USE CHARACTER AND NUMERIC DATA  -->WHERE DATA WILL BE 'CASE SENSITIVE'(A a)  -->FOR CHARACTER OBSERVATION NEED '    '  (QUOTES)  -->FOR NUMERIC NO NEED TO GIVE ANY QUOTES  --> WHERE STATEMENT WILL WORK IN 'DATA' STEP AND 'PROC'STEP*/; EG1: DATA SAS; SET SASHELP.CLASS; WHERE SEX='M'; RUN; PROC PRINT DATA=SAS; RUN; --->WHERE STATEMENT IS CASE SENSITIVE SO IF ANY CASE SENSITIVE CODE IN SYNTAX IT WILL SHOW...

  PROC PRINT:: -->FOR TO PRINT THE ALL OBSERVATIONS AND VARIABLES FROM DATASETS -->TO GET THE OUTPUT RESULTS OF DATASET DATA SAS; SET SASHELP.CLASS; RUN; PROC PRINT DATA=SAS; RUN; OPTIONS USED IN PROC PRINT ::: --VAR:: INCLUDING THE VARIABLES --NOOBS:: REMOVE/SUPPRESS THE OBSERVATIONS COUNT NUMBER --WHERE::TO SUBSET THE OBSERVATIONS --TITLE::TO ENHACE THE DATASETS --FOOTNOTES::TO ENHANCE THE DATASETS --LABELS:;TO ENHANCE THE DATASETS --FORMATS::TO CONTROLLING THE VALUES IN DATASETS EG: PROC PRINT DATA=PROG1.COUNTRY;        RUN; USING OF 'VAR' STATEMENT :: EG1: PROC PRINT DATA=SASHELP.CLASS; VAR AGE NAME; RUN; EG2: PROC PRINT DATA=SASHELP.CLASS; VAR SEX; RUN; FOR SUPPRESSING/ELIMINATING THE OBSERVATIONS NUMBER*/ -->USE 'NOOBS' OPTION PROC PRINT DATA=SASHELP.CLASS NOOBS; VAR AGE NAME; RUN; PRINTING THE VAR BY USING ONE STARTING LETTER :: WE CAN ALSO USE ONLY ONE LETTER OF VARIABLES IN THE SYNTAX EG1: PROC PRINT DATA=SASHELP.CLASS; VAR W:  ; RUN; EG2:...

       CREATING NEW DATASETS 1.DATA AND SET METHOD :: ACCESSING THE EXISTING LIB AND DATASET 2.DATA INPUT AND DATALINES/CARDS METHOD :: FOR CREATING THE OWN DATASET 3.DATA INFILE AND INPUT METHOD :: EXTERNAL FILES INTON SAS DATASET 1.DATA AND SET METHOD :: ACCESSING THE EXISTING LIB AND DATASET DATA RAMU;   SET SASHELP.CLASS; RUN; DATA RAMU01; SET WORK.RAMU; RUN; /*IF YOU ARE USING ONLY DATA STEP::: STORE IN THE WORK LIB*/ /*IF YOU ARE USING DATA STEP AND PROC PRINT STEP:: STORE IN LIBRARY AND GIVE OUTPUT IN OUTPUT WINDOW*/ /*TO CREATE THE OUTPUT OR PRINTING THE ALL OBSERVATIONS  AND VARIABLES FROM THE DATASET*/ /*----USE "PROC PRINT" */ /**/ /*SYNTAX::*/ /**/ /*PROC PRINT DATA=XXXX(LIB).YYYY(DSN);*/ /*RUN;*/ DATA RAMU01; SET WORK.RAMU; RUN; PROC PRINT DATA=WORK.RAMU01; RUN; /**/ /*--TO CONTROL THE VARIABLES IN PROC PRINT*/ /*    **USE "VAR(VARIABLE)" STATEMENT */ /*TO SUPRESS/REMOVE THE OBS NUMBER::: USE "NOOBS" OPTION*/ PROC PRINT DATA=WORK.RAM...