375.What Happens When You Analyze Earthquakes with SAS?

What Happens When You Analyze Earthquakes with SAS?

HERE IN THIS PROJECT WE USED THESE SAS STATEMENTS ---DATA STEP | PROC SQL | MACROS | SGPLOT | DATE FUNCTIONS (MDY-INTCK-INTNX) |  FUNCTIONS (UPCASE-LOWCASE-PROPCASE-SUBSTR) | APPEND | MERGE | SET | TRANSPOSE | PROC UNIVARIATE | PROC COPY | PROC DELETE

1. Project Overview

Earthquakes are among the most destructive natural disasters. Accurate data preparation, transformation, and analysis are critical for risk assessment, disaster management, and early warning systems.

This project simulates a global earthquake monitoring system, where seismic events are recorded, processed, classified, and analyzed using Base SAS and Advanced SAS techniques.

Here We Learn:

·       How to design a structured dataset

·       How to clean and standardize textual data

·       How to work with dates using MDY, INTNX, INTCK

·       How to apply DATA step, PROC SQL, and statistical procedures

·       How to build reusable SAS macros

·       How to reshape data using TRANSPOSE

·       How to combine datasets using SET, MERGE, APPEND

·       How to classify seismic risk programmatically

·       How to visualize seismic trends

·       How to copy datasets across libraries

2. Dataset Design

Core Variables

Variable	Description
Earthquake_ID	Unique identifier
Country	Affected country
Magnitude	Richter magnitude
Depth_km	Depth below earth surface
Duration_Seconds	Duration of shaking
Damage_Level	Low / Moderate / Severe
Alert_Type	Advisory / Watch / Warning
Event_Date	Earthquake occurrence date
Report_Date	Reporting date

3. Creating the Earthquake Dataset (DATA Step)

data earthquakes_raw;

    length Earthquake_ID $10 Country $20 Damage_Level $10 Alert_Type $10;

    format Event_Date Report_Date date9.;

    input Earthquake_ID $ Country $ Magnitude Depth_km Duration_Seconds Damage_Level $

          Alert_Type $ Event_Date : date9. Report_Date : date9.;

datalines;

EQ001 india 6.5 15 45 Moderate Watch 01JAN2023 02JAN2023

EQ002 japan 7.8 30 70 Severe Warning 12FEB2023 13FEB2023

EQ003 chile 6.1 10 38 Moderate Advisory 20MAR2023 21MAR2023

EQ004 nepal 5.9 12 32 Low Advisory 05APR2023 06APR2023

EQ005 indonesia 7.2 25 65 Severe Warning 15MAY2023 16MAY2023

EQ006 turkey 6.8 18 55 Severe Warning 01JUN2023 02JUN2023

EQ007 usa 5.5 8 25 Low Advisory 10JUL2023 11JUL2023

EQ008 mexico 6.3 20 48 Moderate Watch 22AUG2023 23AUG2023

EQ009 italy 5.7 10 28 Low Advisory 03SEP2023 04SEP2023

EQ010 iran 6.9 22 60 Severe Warning 14OCT2023 15OCT2023

EQ011 peru 6.4 15 42 Moderate Watch 28NOV2023 29NOV2023

EQ012 china 7.5 35 80 Severe Warning 09DEC2023 10DEC2023

EQ013 greece 5.8 12 30 Low Advisory 02JAN2024 03JAN2024

EQ014 afghanistan 6.7 28 58 Severe Warning 18FEB2024 19FEB2024

EQ015 philippines 6.2 18 40 Moderate Watch 30MAR2024 31MAR2024

EQ016 newzealand 5.9 14 33 Low Advisory 15APR2024 16APR2024

;

run;

proc print data=earthquakes_raw;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Earthquake_ID	Country	Damage_Level	Alert_Type	Event_Date	Report_Date	Magnitude	Depth_km	Duration_Seconds
1	EQ001	india	Moderate	Watch	01JAN2023	02JAN2023	6.5	15	45
2	EQ002	japan	Severe	Warning	12FEB2023	13FEB2023	7.8	30	70
3	EQ003	chile	Moderate	Advisory	20MAR2023	21MAR2023	6.1	10	38
4	EQ004	nepal	Low	Advisory	05APR2023	06APR2023	5.9	12	32
5	EQ005	indonesia	Severe	Warning	15MAY2023	16MAY2023	7.2	25	65
6	EQ006	turkey	Severe	Warning	01JUN2023	02JUN2023	6.8	18	55
7	EQ007	usa	Low	Advisory	10JUL2023	11JUL2023	5.5	8	25
8	EQ008	mexico	Moderate	Watch	22AUG2023	23AUG2023	6.3	20	48
9	EQ009	italy	Low	Advisory	03SEP2023	04SEP2023	5.7	10	28
10	EQ010	iran	Severe	Warning	14OCT2023	15OCT2023	6.9	22	60
11	EQ011	peru	Moderate	Watch	28NOV2023	29NOV2023	6.4	15	42
12	EQ012	china	Severe	Warning	09DEC2023	10DEC2023	7.5	35	80
13	EQ013	greece	Low	Advisory	02JAN2024	03JAN2024	5.8	12	30
14	EQ014	afghanistan	Severe	Warning	18FEB2024	19FEB2024	6.7	28	58
15	EQ015	philippines	Moderate	Watch	30MAR2024	31MAR2024	6.2	18	40
16	EQ016	newzealand	Low	Advisory	15APR2024	16APR2024	5.9	14	33

4. Data Cleaning & Standardization (Functions)

data earthquakes_clean;

    set earthquakes_raw;

    Country = propcase(lowcase(trim(Country)));

    Alert_Type = upcase(compress(Alert_Type));

    Damage_Level = propcase(Damage_Level);

    Country_Code = substr(Country,1,3);

    Event_Month = intnx('month', Event_Date, 0, 'b');

    Days_To_Report = intck('day', Event_Date, Report_Date);

format Event_Month monyy7.;

    label Days_To_Report = "Days between Event and Report";

run;

proc print data=earthquakes_clean;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Earthquake_ID	Country	Damage_Level	Alert_Type	Event_Date	Report_Date	Magnitude	Depth_km	Duration_Seconds	Country_Code	Event_Month	Days_To_Report
1	EQ001	India	Moderate	WATCH	01JAN2023	02JAN2023	6.5	15	45	Ind	JAN2023	1
2	EQ002	Japan	Severe	WARNING	12FEB2023	13FEB2023	7.8	30	70	Jap	FEB2023	1
3	EQ003	Chile	Moderate	ADVISORY	20MAR2023	21MAR2023	6.1	10	38	Chi	MAR2023	1
4	EQ004	Nepal	Low	ADVISORY	05APR2023	06APR2023	5.9	12	32	Nep	APR2023	1
5	EQ005	Indonesia	Severe	WARNING	15MAY2023	16MAY2023	7.2	25	65	Ind	MAY2023	1
6	EQ006	Turkey	Severe	WARNING	01JUN2023	02JUN2023	6.8	18	55	Tur	JUN2023	1
7	EQ007	Usa	Low	ADVISORY	10JUL2023	11JUL2023	5.5	8	25	Usa	JUL2023	1
8	EQ008	Mexico	Moderate	WATCH	22AUG2023	23AUG2023	6.3	20	48	Mex	AUG2023	1
9	EQ009	Italy	Low	ADVISORY	03SEP2023	04SEP2023	5.7	10	28	Ita	SEP2023	1
10	EQ010	Iran	Severe	WARNING	14OCT2023	15OCT2023	6.9	22	60	Ira	OCT2023	1
11	EQ011	Peru	Moderate	WATCH	28NOV2023	29NOV2023	6.4	15	42	Per	NOV2023	1
12	EQ012	China	Severe	WARNING	09DEC2023	10DEC2023	7.5	35	80	Chi	DEC2023	1
13	EQ013	Greece	Low	ADVISORY	02JAN2024	03JAN2024	5.8	12	30	Gre	JAN2024	1
14	EQ014	Afghanistan	Severe	WARNING	18FEB2024	19FEB2024	6.7	28	58	Afg	FEB2024	1
15	EQ015	Philippines	Moderate	WATCH	30MAR2024	31MAR2024	6.2	18	40	Phi	MAR2024	1
16	EQ016	Newzealand	Low	ADVISORY	15APR2024	16APR2024	5.9	14	33	New	APR2024	1

5. Seismic Risk Classification (Macro)

%macro seismic_risk(input=, output=);

data &output;

    set &input;

    length Seismic_Risk $15;

    if Magnitude >= 7 then Seismic_Risk = "High Risk";

    else if Magnitude >= 6 then Seismic_Risk = "Moderate Risk";

    else Seismic_Risk = "Low Risk";

run;

proc print data=&output;

run;

%mend;

%seismic_risk(input=earthquakes_clean, output=earthquakes_risk);

OUTPUT:

Obs	Earthquake_ID	Country	Damage_Level	Alert_Type	Event_Date	Report_Date	Magnitude	Depth_km	Duration_Seconds	Country_Code	Event_Month	Days_To_Report	Seismic_Risk
1	EQ001	India	Moderate	WATCH	01JAN2023	02JAN2023	6.5	15	45	Ind	JAN2023	1	Moderate Risk
2	EQ002	Japan	Severe	WARNING	12FEB2023	13FEB2023	7.8	30	70	Jap	FEB2023	1	High Risk
3	EQ003	Chile	Moderate	ADVISORY	20MAR2023	21MAR2023	6.1	10	38	Chi	MAR2023	1	Moderate Risk
4	EQ004	Nepal	Low	ADVISORY	05APR2023	06APR2023	5.9	12	32	Nep	APR2023	1	Low Risk
5	EQ005	Indonesia	Severe	WARNING	15MAY2023	16MAY2023	7.2	25	65	Ind	MAY2023	1	High Risk
6	EQ006	Turkey	Severe	WARNING	01JUN2023	02JUN2023	6.8	18	55	Tur	JUN2023	1	Moderate Risk
7	EQ007	Usa	Low	ADVISORY	10JUL2023	11JUL2023	5.5	8	25	Usa	JUL2023	1	Low Risk
8	EQ008	Mexico	Moderate	WATCH	22AUG2023	23AUG2023	6.3	20	48	Mex	AUG2023	1	Moderate Risk
9	EQ009	Italy	Low	ADVISORY	03SEP2023	04SEP2023	5.7	10	28	Ita	SEP2023	1	Low Risk
10	EQ010	Iran	Severe	WARNING	14OCT2023	15OCT2023	6.9	22	60	Ira	OCT2023	1	Moderate Risk
11	EQ011	Peru	Moderate	WATCH	28NOV2023	29NOV2023	6.4	15	42	Per	NOV2023	1	Moderate Risk
12	EQ012	China	Severe	WARNING	09DEC2023	10DEC2023	7.5	35	80	Chi	DEC2023	1	High Risk
13	EQ013	Greece	Low	ADVISORY	02JAN2024	03JAN2024	5.8	12	30	Gre	JAN2024	1	Low Risk
14	EQ014	Afghanistan	Severe	WARNING	18FEB2024	19FEB2024	6.7	28	58	Afg	FEB2024	1	Moderate Risk
15	EQ015	Philippines	Moderate	WATCH	30MAR2024	31MAR2024	6.2	18	40	Phi	MAR2024	1	Moderate Risk
16	EQ016	Newzealand	Low	ADVISORY	15APR2024	16APR2024	5.9	14	33	New	APR2024	1	Low Risk

6. PROC SQL Analysis

proc sql;

    create table country_summary as

    select Country,

           count(*) as Total_Events,

           avg(Magnitude) as Avg_Magnitude format=5.2,

           avg(Depth_km) as Avg_Depth format=6.2

    from earthquakes_risk

    group by Country;

quit;

proc print data=country_summary;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Country	Total_Events	Avg_Magnitude	Avg_Depth
1	Afghanistan	1	6.70	28.00
2	Chile	1	6.10	10.00
3	China	1	7.50	35.00
4	Greece	1	5.80	12.00
5	India	1	6.50	15.00
6	Indonesia	1	7.20	25.00
7	Iran	1	6.90	22.00
8	Italy	1	5.70	10.00
9	Japan	1	7.80	30.00
10	Mexico	1	6.30	20.00
11	Nepal	1	5.90	12.00
12	Newzealand	1	5.90	14.00
13	Peru	1	6.40	15.00
14	Philippines	1	6.20	18.00
15	Turkey	1	6.80	18.00
16	Usa	1	5.50	8.00

7. Statistical Analysis – PROC MEANS

proc means data=earthquakes_risk mean min max std;

    class Seismic_Risk;

    var Magnitude Depth_km Duration_Seconds Days_To_Report;

run;

OUTPUT:

The MEANS Procedure

Seismic_Risk	N Obs	Variable	Label	Mean	Minimum	Maximum	Std Dev
High Risk	3	Magnitude Depth_km Duration_Seconds Days_To_Report	Days between Event and Report	7.5000000 30.0000000 71.6666667 1.0000000	7.2000000 25.0000000 65.0000000 1.0000000	7.8000000 35.0000000 80.0000000 1.0000000	0.3000000 5.0000000 7.6376262 0
Low Risk	5	Magnitude Depth_km Duration_Seconds Days_To_Report	Days between Event and Report	5.7600000 11.2000000 29.6000000 1.0000000	5.5000000 8.0000000 25.0000000 1.0000000	5.9000000 14.0000000 33.0000000 1.0000000	0.1673320 2.2803509 3.2093613 0
Moderate Risk	8	Magnitude Depth_km Duration_Seconds Days_To_Report	Days between Event and Report	6.4875000 18.2500000 48.2500000 1.0000000	6.1000000 10.0000000 38.0000000 1.0000000	6.9000000 28.0000000 60.0000000 1.0000000	0.2900123 5.3652320 8.4642104 0

8. Distribution Analysis – PROC UNIVARIATE

proc univariate data=earthquakes_risk;

    var Magnitude;

    histogram Magnitude;

run;

OUTPUT:

The UNIVARIATE Procedure

Variable: Magnitude

Moments
N	16	Sum Weights	16
Mean	6.45	Sum Observations	103.2
Std Deviation	0.66231916	Variance	0.43866667
Skewness	0.58767957	Kurtosis	-0.3820146
Uncorrected SS	672.22	Corrected SS	6.58
Coeff Variation	10.2685141	Std Error Mean	0.16557979

Basic Statistical Measures
Location		Variability
Mean	6.450000	Std Deviation	0.66232
Median	6.350000	Variance	0.43867
Mode	5.900000	Range	2.30000
		Interquartile Range	0.95000

Tests for Location: Mu0=0
Test	Statistic		p Value
Student's t	t	38.95403	Pr > |t|	<.0001
Sign	M	8	Pr >= |M|	<.0001
Signed Rank	S	68	Pr >= |S|	<.0001

Quantiles (Definition 5)
Level	Quantile
100% Max	7.80
99%	7.80
95%	7.80
90%	7.50
75% Q3	6.85
50% Median	6.35
25% Q1	5.90
10%	5.70
5%	5.50
1%	5.50
0% Min	5.50

Extreme Observations
Lowest		Highest
Value	Obs	Value	Obs
5.5	7	6.8	6
5.7	9	6.9	10
5.8	13	7.2	5
5.9	16	7.5	12
5.9	4	7.8	2

The UNIVARIATE Procedure

9. Visualization – PROC SGPLOT

proc sgplot data=earthquakes_risk;

    scatter x=Depth_km y=Magnitude / group=Seismic_Risk;

    title "Earthquake Magnitude vs Depth by Seismic Risk";

run;

OUTPUT:

10. Data Reshaping – PROC TRANSPOSE

proc transpose data=country_summary out=country_transposed;

    by Country;

    var Avg_Magnitude Avg_Depth;

run;

proc print data=country_transposed;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Country	_NAME_	COL1
1	Afghanistan	Avg_Magnitude	6.7
2	Afghanistan	Avg_Depth	28.0
3	Chile	Avg_Magnitude	6.1
4	Chile	Avg_Depth	10.0
5	China	Avg_Magnitude	7.5
6	China	Avg_Depth	35.0
7	Greece	Avg_Magnitude	5.8
8	Greece	Avg_Depth	12.0
9	India	Avg_Magnitude	6.5
10	India	Avg_Depth	15.0
11	Indonesia	Avg_Magnitude	7.2
12	Indonesia	Avg_Depth	25.0
13	Iran	Avg_Magnitude	6.9
14	Iran	Avg_Depth	22.0
15	Italy	Avg_Magnitude	5.7
16	Italy	Avg_Depth	10.0
17	Japan	Avg_Magnitude	7.8
18	Japan	Avg_Depth	30.0
19	Mexico	Avg_Magnitude	6.3
20	Mexico	Avg_Depth	20.0
21	Nepal	Avg_Magnitude	5.9
22	Nepal	Avg_Depth	12.0
23	Newzealand	Avg_Magnitude	5.9
24	Newzealand	Avg_Depth	14.0
25	Peru	Avg_Magnitude	6.4
26	Peru	Avg_Depth	15.0
27	Philippines	Avg_Magnitude	6.2
28	Philippines	Avg_Depth	18.0
29	Turkey	Avg_Magnitude	6.8
30	Turkey	Avg_Depth	18.0
31	Usa	Avg_Magnitude	5.5
32	Usa	Avg_Depth	8.0

11.Create a new dataset

data earthquakes_new;

    set earthquakes_risk;

    where Event_Date >= '01JAN2024'd;

run;

proc print data=earthquakes_new;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Earthquake_ID	Country	Damage_Level	Alert_Type	Event_Date	Report_Date	Magnitude	Depth_km	Duration_Seconds	Country_Code	Event_Month	Days_To_Report	Seismic_Risk
1	EQ013	Greece	Low	ADVISORY	02JAN2024	03JAN2024	5.8	12	30	Gre	JAN2024	1	Low Risk
2	EQ014	Afghanistan	Severe	WARNING	18FEB2024	19FEB2024	6.7	28	58	Afg	FEB2024	1	Moderate Risk
3	EQ015	Philippines	Moderate	WATCH	30MAR2024	31MAR2024	6.2	18	40	Phi	MAR2024	1	Moderate Risk
4	EQ016	Newzealand	Low	ADVISORY	15APR2024	16APR2024	5.9	14	33	New	APR2024	1	Low Risk

12. Dataset Combination Techniques

SET

data combined_events;

    set earthquakes_risk 

        earthquakes_new;

run;

proc print data=country_transposed;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Country	_NAME_	COL1
1	Afghanistan	Avg_Magnitude	6.7
2	Afghanistan	Avg_Depth	28.0
3	Chile	Avg_Magnitude	6.1
4	Chile	Avg_Depth	10.0
5	China	Avg_Magnitude	7.5
6	China	Avg_Depth	35.0
7	Greece	Avg_Magnitude	5.8
8	Greece	Avg_Depth	12.0
9	India	Avg_Magnitude	6.5
10	India	Avg_Depth	15.0
11	Indonesia	Avg_Magnitude	7.2
12	Indonesia	Avg_Depth	25.0
13	Iran	Avg_Magnitude	6.9
14	Iran	Avg_Depth	22.0
15	Italy	Avg_Magnitude	5.7
16	Italy	Avg_Depth	10.0
17	Japan	Avg_Magnitude	7.8
18	Japan	Avg_Depth	30.0
19	Mexico	Avg_Magnitude	6.3
20	Mexico	Avg_Depth	20.0
21	Nepal	Avg_Magnitude	5.9
22	Nepal	Avg_Depth	12.0
23	Newzealand	Avg_Magnitude	5.9
24	Newzealand	Avg_Depth	14.0
25	Peru	Avg_Magnitude	6.4
26	Peru	Avg_Depth	15.0
27	Philippines	Avg_Magnitude	6.2
28	Philippines	Avg_Depth	18.0
29	Turkey	Avg_Magnitude	6.8
30	Turkey	Avg_Depth	18.0
31	Usa	Avg_Magnitude	5.5
32	Usa	Avg_Depth	8.0

APPEND

proc append base=earthquakes_risk

            data=earthquakes_new;

run;

proc print data=earthquakes_risk;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Earthquake_ID	Country	Damage_Level	Alert_Type	Event_Date	Report_Date	Magnitude	Depth_km	Duration_Seconds	Country_Code	Event_Month	Days_To_Report	Seismic_Risk
1	EQ001	India	Moderate	WATCH	01JAN2023	02JAN2023	6.5	15	45	Ind	JAN2023	1	Moderate Risk
2	EQ002	Japan	Severe	WARNING	12FEB2023	13FEB2023	7.8	30	70	Jap	FEB2023	1	High Risk
3	EQ003	Chile	Moderate	ADVISORY	20MAR2023	21MAR2023	6.1	10	38	Chi	MAR2023	1	Moderate Risk
4	EQ004	Nepal	Low	ADVISORY	05APR2023	06APR2023	5.9	12	32	Nep	APR2023	1	Low Risk
5	EQ005	Indonesia	Severe	WARNING	15MAY2023	16MAY2023	7.2	25	65	Ind	MAY2023	1	High Risk
6	EQ006	Turkey	Severe	WARNING	01JUN2023	02JUN2023	6.8	18	55	Tur	JUN2023	1	Moderate Risk
7	EQ007	Usa	Low	ADVISORY	10JUL2023	11JUL2023	5.5	8	25	Usa	JUL2023	1	Low Risk
8	EQ008	Mexico	Moderate	WATCH	22AUG2023	23AUG2023	6.3	20	48	Mex	AUG2023	1	Moderate Risk
9	EQ009	Italy	Low	ADVISORY	03SEP2023	04SEP2023	5.7	10	28	Ita	SEP2023	1	Low Risk
10	EQ010	Iran	Severe	WARNING	14OCT2023	15OCT2023	6.9	22	60	Ira	OCT2023	1	Moderate Risk
11	EQ011	Peru	Moderate	WATCH	28NOV2023	29NOV2023	6.4	15	42	Per	NOV2023	1	Moderate Risk
12	EQ012	China	Severe	WARNING	09DEC2023	10DEC2023	7.5	35	80	Chi	DEC2023	1	High Risk
13	EQ013	Greece	Low	ADVISORY	02JAN2024	03JAN2024	5.8	12	30	Gre	JAN2024	1	Low Risk
14	EQ014	Afghanistan	Severe	WARNING	18FEB2024	19FEB2024	6.7	28	58	Afg	FEB2024	1	Moderate Risk
15	EQ015	Philippines	Moderate	WATCH	30MAR2024	31MAR2024	6.2	18	40	Phi	MAR2024	1	Moderate Risk
16	EQ016	Newzealand	Low	ADVISORY	15APR2024	16APR2024	5.9	14	33	New	APR2024	1	Low Risk
17	EQ013	Greece	Low	ADVISORY	02JAN2024	03JAN2024	5.8	12	30	Gre	JAN2024	1	Low Risk
18	EQ014	Afghanistan	Severe	WARNING	18FEB2024	19FEB2024	6.7	28	58	Afg	FEB2024	1	Moderate Risk
19	EQ015	Philippines	Moderate	WATCH	30MAR2024	31MAR2024	6.2	18	40	Phi	MAR2024	1	Moderate Risk
20	EQ016	Newzealand	Low	ADVISORY	15APR2024	16APR2024	5.9	14	33	New	APR2024	1	Low Risk

MERGE

proc sort data=earthquakes_risk; by Country; run;

proc print data=earthquakes_risk;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Earthquake_ID	Country	Damage_Level	Alert_Type	Event_Date	Report_Date	Magnitude	Depth_km	Duration_Seconds	Country_Code	Event_Month	Days_To_Report	Seismic_Risk
1	EQ014	Afghanistan	Severe	WARNING	18FEB2024	19FEB2024	6.7	28	58	Afg	FEB2024	1	Moderate Risk
2	EQ014	Afghanistan	Severe	WARNING	18FEB2024	19FEB2024	6.7	28	58	Afg	FEB2024	1	Moderate Risk
3	EQ003	Chile	Moderate	ADVISORY	20MAR2023	21MAR2023	6.1	10	38	Chi	MAR2023	1	Moderate Risk
4	EQ012	China	Severe	WARNING	09DEC2023	10DEC2023	7.5	35	80	Chi	DEC2023	1	High Risk
5	EQ013	Greece	Low	ADVISORY	02JAN2024	03JAN2024	5.8	12	30	Gre	JAN2024	1	Low Risk
6	EQ013	Greece	Low	ADVISORY	02JAN2024	03JAN2024	5.8	12	30	Gre	JAN2024	1	Low Risk
7	EQ001	India	Moderate	WATCH	01JAN2023	02JAN2023	6.5	15	45	Ind	JAN2023	1	Moderate Risk
8	EQ005	Indonesia	Severe	WARNING	15MAY2023	16MAY2023	7.2	25	65	Ind	MAY2023	1	High Risk
9	EQ010	Iran	Severe	WARNING	14OCT2023	15OCT2023	6.9	22	60	Ira	OCT2023	1	Moderate Risk
10	EQ009	Italy	Low	ADVISORY	03SEP2023	04SEP2023	5.7	10	28	Ita	SEP2023	1	Low Risk
11	EQ002	Japan	Severe	WARNING	12FEB2023	13FEB2023	7.8	30	70	Jap	FEB2023	1	High Risk
12	EQ008	Mexico	Moderate	WATCH	22AUG2023	23AUG2023	6.3	20	48	Mex	AUG2023	1	Moderate Risk
13	EQ004	Nepal	Low	ADVISORY	05APR2023	06APR2023	5.9	12	32	Nep	APR2023	1	Low Risk
14	EQ016	Newzealand	Low	ADVISORY	15APR2024	16APR2024	5.9	14	33	New	APR2024	1	Low Risk
15	EQ016	Newzealand	Low	ADVISORY	15APR2024	16APR2024	5.9	14	33	New	APR2024	1	Low Risk
16	EQ011	Peru	Moderate	WATCH	28NOV2023	29NOV2023	6.4	15	42	Per	NOV2023	1	Moderate Risk
17	EQ015	Philippines	Moderate	WATCH	30MAR2024	31MAR2024	6.2	18	40	Phi	MAR2024	1	Moderate Risk
18	EQ015	Philippines	Moderate	WATCH	30MAR2024	31MAR2024	6.2	18	40	Phi	MAR2024	1	Moderate Risk
19	EQ006	Turkey	Severe	WARNING	01JUN2023	02JUN2023	6.8	18	55	Tur	JUN2023	1	Moderate Risk
20	EQ007	Usa	Low	ADVISORY	10JUL2023	11JUL2023	5.5	8	25	Usa	JUL2023	1	Low Risk

proc sort data=country_summary; by Country; run;

proc print data=country_summary;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Country	Total_Events	Avg_Magnitude	Avg_Depth
1	Afghanistan	1	6.70	28.00
2	Chile	1	6.10	10.00
3	China	1	7.50	35.00
4	Greece	1	5.80	12.00
5	India	1	6.50	15.00
6	Indonesia	1	7.20	25.00
7	Iran	1	6.90	22.00
8	Italy	1	5.70	10.00
9	Japan	1	7.80	30.00
10	Mexico	1	6.30	20.00
11	Nepal	1	5.90	12.00
12	Newzealand	1	5.90	14.00
13	Peru	1	6.40	15.00
14	Philippines	1	6.20	18.00
15	Turkey	1	6.80	18.00
16	Usa	1	5.50	8.00

data merged_data;

    merge earthquakes_risk 

          country_summary;

    by Country;

run;

proc print data=merged_data;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Earthquake_ID	Country	Damage_Level	Alert_Type	Event_Date	Report_Date	Magnitude	Depth_km	Duration_Seconds	Country_Code	Event_Month	Days_To_Report	Seismic_Risk	Total_Events	Avg_Magnitude	Avg_Depth
1	EQ014	Afghanistan	Severe	WARNING	18FEB2024	19FEB2024	6.7	28	58	Afg	FEB2024	1	Moderate Risk	1	6.70	28.00
2	EQ014	Afghanistan	Severe	WARNING	18FEB2024	19FEB2024	6.7	28	58	Afg	FEB2024	1	Moderate Risk	1	6.70	28.00
3	EQ003	Chile	Moderate	ADVISORY	20MAR2023	21MAR2023	6.1	10	38	Chi	MAR2023	1	Moderate Risk	1	6.10	10.00
4	EQ012	China	Severe	WARNING	09DEC2023	10DEC2023	7.5	35	80	Chi	DEC2023	1	High Risk	1	7.50	35.00
5	EQ013	Greece	Low	ADVISORY	02JAN2024	03JAN2024	5.8	12	30	Gre	JAN2024	1	Low Risk	1	5.80	12.00
6	EQ013	Greece	Low	ADVISORY	02JAN2024	03JAN2024	5.8	12	30	Gre	JAN2024	1	Low Risk	1	5.80	12.00
7	EQ001	India	Moderate	WATCH	01JAN2023	02JAN2023	6.5	15	45	Ind	JAN2023	1	Moderate Risk	1	6.50	15.00
8	EQ005	Indonesia	Severe	WARNING	15MAY2023	16MAY2023	7.2	25	65	Ind	MAY2023	1	High Risk	1	7.20	25.00
9	EQ010	Iran	Severe	WARNING	14OCT2023	15OCT2023	6.9	22	60	Ira	OCT2023	1	Moderate Risk	1	6.90	22.00
10	EQ009	Italy	Low	ADVISORY	03SEP2023	04SEP2023	5.7	10	28	Ita	SEP2023	1	Low Risk	1	5.70	10.00
11	EQ002	Japan	Severe	WARNING	12FEB2023	13FEB2023	7.8	30	70	Jap	FEB2023	1	High Risk	1	7.80	30.00
12	EQ008	Mexico	Moderate	WATCH	22AUG2023	23AUG2023	6.3	20	48	Mex	AUG2023	1	Moderate Risk	1	6.30	20.00
13	EQ004	Nepal	Low	ADVISORY	05APR2023	06APR2023	5.9	12	32	Nep	APR2023	1	Low Risk	1	5.90	12.00
14	EQ016	Newzealand	Low	ADVISORY	15APR2024	16APR2024	5.9	14	33	New	APR2024	1	Low Risk	1	5.90	14.00
15	EQ016	Newzealand	Low	ADVISORY	15APR2024	16APR2024	5.9	14	33	New	APR2024	1	Low Risk	1	5.90	14.00
16	EQ011	Peru	Moderate	WATCH	28NOV2023	29NOV2023	6.4	15	42	Per	NOV2023	1	Moderate Risk	1	6.40	15.00
17	EQ015	Philippines	Moderate	WATCH	30MAR2024	31MAR2024	6.2	18	40	Phi	MAR2024	1	Moderate Risk	1	6.20	18.00
18	EQ015	Philippines	Moderate	WATCH	30MAR2024	31MAR2024	6.2	18	40	Phi	MAR2024	1	Moderate Risk	1	6.20	18.00
19	EQ006	Turkey	Severe	WARNING	01JUN2023	02JUN2023	6.8	18	55	Tur	JUN2023	1	Moderate Risk	1	6.80	18.00
20	EQ007	Usa	Low	ADVISORY	10JUL2023	11JUL2023	5.5	8	25	Usa	JUL2023	1	Low Risk	1	5.50	8.00

13. PROC COPY (Library Management)

libname backup "path";

LOG:

NOTE: Libref BACKUP was successfully assigned as follows:

proc copy in=work out=backup;

    select earthquakes_risk country_summary;

run;

LOG:

NOTE: Copying WORK.EARTHQUAKES_RISK to BACKUP.EARTHQUAKES_RISK (memtype=DATA).

NOTE: There were 20 observations read from the data set WORK.EARTHQUAKES_RISK.

NOTE: The data set BACKUP.EARTHQUAKES_RISK has 20 observations and 13 variables.

NOTE: Copying WORK.COUNTRY_SUMMARY to BACKUP.COUNTRY_SUMMARY (memtype=DATA).

NOTE: There were 16 observations read from the data set WORK.COUNTRY_SUMMARY.

NOTE: The data set BACKUP.COUNTRY_SUMMARY has 16 observations and 4 variables.

14.Delete Specific Datasets

proc datasets library=backup nolist;

   delete earthquakes_risk country_summary;

quit;

LOG:

NOTE: Deleting BACKUP.EARTHQUAKES_RISK (memtype=DATA).

NOTE: Deleting BACKUP.COUNTRY_SUMMARY (memtype=DATA).

15. What We Are Learning (Interview Perspective)

Here demonstrating:

·       Real-world dataset modeling

·       Production-quality DATA step programming

·       Advanced function usage

·       Macro-driven classification

·       Statistical interpretation

·       Visualization competency

·       Enterprise dataset movement

·       Strong foundation for disaster analytics roles

16. Practical Use Cases

·       Government disaster response units

·       Early warning systems

·       Insurance risk modeling

·       Urban infrastructure planning

·       Research and academic studies

17. Why This Project Is Strong for Interviews

Interviewers immediately see:

·       Logical thinking

·       Data engineering skills

·       Statistical understanding

·       Automation capability

·       Clean, readable, maintainable SAS code

18. Conclusion

This Global Earthquake Analytics SAS Project is a complete, professional, interview-ready solution that integrates DATA step mastery, PROC SQL, statistical procedures, macros, date intelligence, and visualization.

If you can explain and write this level of SAS code, you are well above entry-level and moving confidently toward mid-to-senior SAS programmer roles.

About the Author:

SAS Learning Hub is a data analytics and SAS programming platform focused on clinical, financial, and real-world data analysis. The content is created by professionals with academic training in Pharmaceutics and hands-on experience in Base SAS, PROC SQL, Macros, SDTM, and ADaM, providing practical and industry-relevant SAS learning resources.

Disclaimer:

The datasets and analysis in this article are created for educational and demonstration purposes only. They do not represent real EarthQuake data.

Our Mission:

This blog provides industry-focused SAS programming tutorials and analytics projects covering finance, healthcare, and technology.

This project is suitable for:

SAS Programmer Interviews

SAS Programmer Job Seekers

SAS Analysts

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