397.If a satellite has excellent signal strength but very high latency, can it still deliver good quality communication? Why or why not?A Sas Study

If a satellite has excellent signal strength but very high latency, can it still deliver good quality communication? Why or why not?A Sas Study

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

HERE IN THIS PROJECT WE USED THESE SAS STATEMENTS —
DATA STEP | PROC SQL |  PROC PRINT | PROC SGPLOT | MACROS | PROC CORR | PROC MEANS | PROC FREQ | PROC UNIVARIATE | SET | APPEND | PROC TRANSPOSE | PROC DATASETS DELETE | DATA FUNCTIONS

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INTRODUCTION

Satellite communication is a backbone of modern connectivity—supporting GPS, TV broadcasting, military operations, disaster management, banking, aviation, telecom, and IoT.

In this project, we simulate a Satellite Communication Links dataset and analyze it using Base SAS, Advanced SAS, SQL, Statistics, Macros, and Data Engineering techniques.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.     Business Context

2.     Dataset Design & Variables

3.     Data Creation (DATA Step)

4.     Date Handling (MDY, INTCK, INTNX)

5.     Character & Numeric Functions

6.     Quality & Utilization Macros

7.     Fraud / Anomaly Detection Logic

8.     PROC SQL Analysis

9.     PROC FREQ

10.  PROC MEANS

11.  PROC UNIVARIATE

12.  PROC CORR

13.  PROC SGPLOT

14.  SET, MERGE, APPEND

15.  PROC TRANSPOSE

16.  PROC DATASETS DELETE

17.  Business Insights

18.  Conclusion

1. BUSINESS CONTEXT

Satellite operators must constantly monitor:

·       Signal quality

·       Data throughput

·       Latency

·       Interference

·       Fraudulent or abnormal usage

Poor quality links can cause:

·       Call drops

·       Navigation errors

·       Military risks

·       Financial losses

This SAS project simulates monitoring & analytics used by:

·       ISRO

·       SpaceX

·       Satellite ISPs

·       Defense organizations

2. DATASET DESIGN

Core Variables

Variable	Description
Satellite_ID	Unique satellite identifier
Band_Type	Frequency band (C, Ku, Ka, X)
Signal_Strength	Signal power (dB)
Latency_ms	Communication delay
Data_Rate	Mbps
Interference_Level	Noise level
Quality_Score	% quality
Utilization_Pct	Bandwidth usage
Link_Date	Observation date
Fraud_Flag	Abnormal usage indicator

3. DATA CREATION

data satellite_links_raw;

    length Satellite_ID $10 Band_Type $5 Operator $20;

    input Satellite_ID $ Band_Type $ Signal_Strength Latency_ms Data_Rate

          Interference_Level Utilization_Pct Quality_Score Link_Date : date9.

          Operator $;

    format Link_Date date9.;

    datalines;

SAT001 Ku 78 240 120 12 85 92 01JAN2024 ISRO

SAT002 Ka 65 310 95 18 72 81 05JAN2024 ISRO

SAT003 C 82 180 150 9 90 95 10JAN2024 SPACEX

SAT004 Ku 58 400 70 25 68 72 15JAN2024 SPACEX

SAT005 X 90 140 180 6 93 97 20JAN2024 DRDO

SAT006 Ka 62 330 85 20 70 79 25JAN2024 ISRO

SAT007 C 85 170 155 10 88 94 01FEB2024 ISRO

SAT008 Ku 55 420 65 28 65 68 05FEB2024 SPACEX

SAT009 X 92 135 190 5 96 98 10FEB2024 DRDO

SAT010 Ka 68 290 100 17 75 85 15FEB2024 ISRO

SAT011 C 80 200 140 11 82 90 20FEB2024 SPACEX

SAT012 Ku 60 360 80 22 70 78 25FEB2024 ISRO

SAT013 Ka 64 320 90 19 72 82 01MAR2024 DRDO

SAT014 C 88 160 165 8 91 96 05MAR2024 ISRO

SAT015 X 94 130 195 4 97 99 10MAR2024 DRDO

SAT016 Ku 57 410 68 27 66 70 15MAR2024 SPACEX

;

run;

proc print data=satellite_links_raw;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Satellite_ID	Band_Type	Operator	Signal_Strength	Latency_ms	Data_Rate	Interference_Level	Utilization_Pct	Quality_Score	Link_Date
1	SAT001	Ku	ISRO	78	240	120	12	85	92	01JAN2024
2	SAT002	Ka	ISRO	65	310	95	18	72	81	05JAN2024
3	SAT003	C	SPACEX	82	180	150	9	90	95	10JAN2024
4	SAT004	Ku	SPACEX	58	400	70	25	68	72	15JAN2024
5	SAT005	X	DRDO	90	140	180	6	93	97	20JAN2024
6	SAT006	Ka	ISRO	62	330	85	20	70	79	25JAN2024
7	SAT007	C	ISRO	85	170	155	10	88	94	01FEB2024
8	SAT008	Ku	SPACEX	55	420	65	28	65	68	05FEB2024
9	SAT009	X	DRDO	92	135	190	5	96	98	10FEB2024
10	SAT010	Ka	ISRO	68	290	100	17	75	85	15FEB2024
11	SAT011	C	SPACEX	80	200	140	11	82	90	20FEB2024
12	SAT012	Ku	ISRO	60	360	80	22	70	78	25FEB2024
13	SAT013	Ka	DRDO	64	320	90	19	72	82	01MAR2024
14	SAT014	C	ISRO	88	160	165	8	91	96	05MAR2024
15	SAT015	X	DRDO	94	130	195	4	97	99	10MAR2024
16	SAT016	Ku	SPACEX	57	410	68	27	66	70	15MAR2024

·  length avoids truncation

·  format ensures readable dates

·  datalines makes dataset self-contained

·  Realistic telecom ranges used

4. DATE FUNCTIONS (MDY, INTCK, INTNX)

data satellite_links_dates;

    set satellite_links_raw;

    Year = year(Link_Date);

    Month = month(Link_Date);

    Next_Maintenance = intnx('month', Link_Date, 3, 'same');

    Days_Since_Link = intck('day', Link_Date, today());

run;

proc print data=satellite_links_dates;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Satellite_ID	Band_Type	Operator	Signal_Strength	Latency_ms	Data_Rate	Interference_Level	Utilization_Pct	Quality_Score	Link_Date	Year	Month	Next_Maintenance	Days_Since_Link
1	SAT001	Ku	ISRO	78	240	120	12	85	92	01JAN2024	2024	1	23467	770
2	SAT002	Ka	ISRO	65	310	95	18	72	81	05JAN2024	2024	1	23471	766
3	SAT003	C	SPACEX	82	180	150	9	90	95	10JAN2024	2024	1	23476	761
4	SAT004	Ku	SPACEX	58	400	70	25	68	72	15JAN2024	2024	1	23481	756
5	SAT005	X	DRDO	90	140	180	6	93	97	20JAN2024	2024	1	23486	751
6	SAT006	Ka	ISRO	62	330	85	20	70	79	25JAN2024	2024	1	23491	746
7	SAT007	C	ISRO	85	170	155	10	88	94	01FEB2024	2024	2	23497	739
8	SAT008	Ku	SPACEX	55	420	65	28	65	68	05FEB2024	2024	2	23501	735
9	SAT009	X	DRDO	92	135	190	5	96	98	10FEB2024	2024	2	23506	730
10	SAT010	Ka	ISRO	68	290	100	17	75	85	15FEB2024	2024	2	23511	725
11	SAT011	C	SPACEX	80	200	140	11	82	90	20FEB2024	2024	2	23516	720
12	SAT012	Ku	ISRO	60	360	80	22	70	78	25FEB2024	2024	2	23521	715
13	SAT013	Ka	DRDO	64	320	90	19	72	82	01MAR2024	2024	3	23528	710
14	SAT014	C	ISRO	88	160	165	8	91	96	05MAR2024	2024	3	23532	706
15	SAT015	X	DRDO	94	130	195	4	97	99	10MAR2024	2024	3	23537	701
16	SAT016	Ku	SPACEX	57	410	68	27	66	70	15MAR2024	2024	3	23542	696

·  MDY creates dates

·  INTNX schedules maintenance

·  INTCK measures aging of links

5. CHARACTER & NUMERIC FUNCTIONS

data satellite_links_clean;

    set satellite_links_dates;

    Satellite_ID_Clean = strip(upcase(Satellite_ID));

    Band_Type_Proper = propcase(Band_Type);

    Operator_Clean = catx('-', 'ORG', upcase(Operator));

    Signal_Adjusted = round(Signal_Strength * 1.05, 0.1);

    Safe_Interference = coalesce(Interference_Level, 0);

run;

proc print data=satellite_links_clean;

 var Satellite_ID Band_Type Operator Satellite_ID_Clean Band_Type_Proper Operator_Clean

     Signal_Adjusted Safe_Interference;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Satellite_ID	Band_Type	Operator	Satellite_ID_Clean	Band_Type_Proper	Operator_Clean	Signal_Adjusted	Safe_Interference
1	SAT001	Ku	ISRO	SAT001	Ku	ORG-ISRO	81.9	12
2	SAT002	Ka	ISRO	SAT002	Ka	ORG-ISRO	68.3	18
3	SAT003	C	SPACEX	SAT003	C	ORG-SPACEX	86.1	9
4	SAT004	Ku	SPACEX	SAT004	Ku	ORG-SPACEX	60.9	25
5	SAT005	X	DRDO	SAT005	X	ORG-DRDO	94.5	6
6	SAT006	Ka	ISRO	SAT006	Ka	ORG-ISRO	65.1	20
7	SAT007	C	ISRO	SAT007	C	ORG-ISRO	89.3	10
8	SAT008	Ku	SPACEX	SAT008	Ku	ORG-SPACEX	57.8	28
9	SAT009	X	DRDO	SAT009	X	ORG-DRDO	96.6	5
10	SAT010	Ka	ISRO	SAT010	Ka	ORG-ISRO	71.4	17
11	SAT011	C	SPACEX	SAT011	C	ORG-SPACEX	84.0	11
12	SAT012	Ku	ISRO	SAT012	Ku	ORG-ISRO	63.0	22
13	SAT013	Ka	DRDO	SAT013	Ka	ORG-DRDO	67.2	19
14	SAT014	C	ISRO	SAT014	C	ORG-ISRO	92.4	8
15	SAT015	X	DRDO	SAT015	X	ORG-DRDO	98.7	4
16	SAT016	Ku	SPACEX	SAT016	Ku	ORG-SPACEX	59.9	27

·  strip removes blanks

·  upcase standardizes IDs

·  catx joins strings

·  coalesce prevents missing errors

6. UTILIZATION CLASSIFICATION MACRO

%macro utilization_class;

data satellite_links_util;

    set satellite_links_clean;

    length Util_Class $10.;

    if Utilization_Pct >= 90 then Util_Class = "CRITICAL";

    else if Utilization_Pct >= 75 then Util_Class = "HIGH";

    else if Utilization_Pct >= 60 then Util_Class = "MEDIUM";

    else Util_Class = "LOW";

run;

proc print data=satellite_links_util;

run;

%mend;

%utilization_class;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Satellite_ID	Band_Type	Operator	Signal_Strength	Latency_ms	Data_Rate	Interference_Level	Utilization_Pct	Quality_Score	Link_Date	Year	Month	Next_Maintenance	Days_Since_Link	Satellite_ID_Clean	Band_Type_Proper	Operator_Clean	Signal_Adjusted	Safe_Interference	Util_Class
1	SAT001	Ku	ISRO	78	240	120	12	85	92	01JAN2024	2024	1	23467	770	SAT001	Ku	ORG-ISRO	81.9	12	HIGH
2	SAT002	Ka	ISRO	65	310	95	18	72	81	05JAN2024	2024	1	23471	766	SAT002	Ka	ORG-ISRO	68.3	18	MEDIUM
3	SAT003	C	SPACEX	82	180	150	9	90	95	10JAN2024	2024	1	23476	761	SAT003	C	ORG-SPACEX	86.1	9	CRITICAL
4	SAT004	Ku	SPACEX	58	400	70	25	68	72	15JAN2024	2024	1	23481	756	SAT004	Ku	ORG-SPACEX	60.9	25	MEDIUM
5	SAT005	X	DRDO	90	140	180	6	93	97	20JAN2024	2024	1	23486	751	SAT005	X	ORG-DRDO	94.5	6	CRITICAL
6	SAT006	Ka	ISRO	62	330	85	20	70	79	25JAN2024	2024	1	23491	746	SAT006	Ka	ORG-ISRO	65.1	20	MEDIUM
7	SAT007	C	ISRO	85	170	155	10	88	94	01FEB2024	2024	2	23497	739	SAT007	C	ORG-ISRO	89.3	10	HIGH
8	SAT008	Ku	SPACEX	55	420	65	28	65	68	05FEB2024	2024	2	23501	735	SAT008	Ku	ORG-SPACEX	57.8	28	MEDIUM
9	SAT009	X	DRDO	92	135	190	5	96	98	10FEB2024	2024	2	23506	730	SAT009	X	ORG-DRDO	96.6	5	CRITICAL
10	SAT010	Ka	ISRO	68	290	100	17	75	85	15FEB2024	2024	2	23511	725	SAT010	Ka	ORG-ISRO	71.4	17	HIGH
11	SAT011	C	SPACEX	80	200	140	11	82	90	20FEB2024	2024	2	23516	720	SAT011	C	ORG-SPACEX	84.0	11	HIGH
12	SAT012	Ku	ISRO	60	360	80	22	70	78	25FEB2024	2024	2	23521	715	SAT012	Ku	ORG-ISRO	63.0	22	MEDIUM
13	SAT013	Ka	DRDO	64	320	90	19	72	82	01MAR2024	2024	3	23528	710	SAT013	Ka	ORG-DRDO	67.2	19	MEDIUM
14	SAT014	C	ISRO	88	160	165	8	91	96	05MAR2024	2024	3	23532	706	SAT014	C	ORG-ISRO	92.4	8	CRITICAL
15	SAT015	X	DRDO	94	130	195	4	97	99	10MAR2024	2024	3	23537	701	SAT015	X	ORG-DRDO	98.7	4	CRITICAL
16	SAT016	Ku	SPACEX	57	410	68	27	66	70	15MAR2024	2024	3	23542	696	SAT016	Ku	ORG-SPACEX	59.9	27	MEDIUM

·  Reusable logic

·  Easy future updates

·  Industry-standard classification

7. FRAUD / ANOMALY DETECTION MACRO

%macro fraud_detection;

data satellite_links_fraud;

    set satellite_links_util;

    length Fraud_Flag $3.;

    if Data_Rate > 180 and Latency_ms > 350 then Fraud_Flag = "YES";

    else if Interference_Level > 25 then Fraud_Flag = "YES";

    else Fraud_Flag = "NO";

run;

proc print data=satellite_links_fraud;

run;

%mend;

%fraud_detection;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Satellite_ID	Band_Type	Operator	Signal_Strength	Latency_ms	Data_Rate	Interference_Level	Utilization_Pct	Quality_Score	Link_Date	Year	Month	Next_Maintenance	Days_Since_Link	Satellite_ID_Clean	Band_Type_Proper	Operator_Clean	Signal_Adjusted	Safe_Interference	Util_Class	Fraud_Flag
1	SAT001	Ku	ISRO	78	240	120	12	85	92	01JAN2024	2024	1	23467	770	SAT001	Ku	ORG-ISRO	81.9	12	HIGH	NO
2	SAT002	Ka	ISRO	65	310	95	18	72	81	05JAN2024	2024	1	23471	766	SAT002	Ka	ORG-ISRO	68.3	18	MEDIUM	NO
3	SAT003	C	SPACEX	82	180	150	9	90	95	10JAN2024	2024	1	23476	761	SAT003	C	ORG-SPACEX	86.1	9	CRITICAL	NO
4	SAT004	Ku	SPACEX	58	400	70	25	68	72	15JAN2024	2024	1	23481	756	SAT004	Ku	ORG-SPACEX	60.9	25	MEDIUM	NO
5	SAT005	X	DRDO	90	140	180	6	93	97	20JAN2024	2024	1	23486	751	SAT005	X	ORG-DRDO	94.5	6	CRITICAL	NO
6	SAT006	Ka	ISRO	62	330	85	20	70	79	25JAN2024	2024	1	23491	746	SAT006	Ka	ORG-ISRO	65.1	20	MEDIUM	NO
7	SAT007	C	ISRO	85	170	155	10	88	94	01FEB2024	2024	2	23497	739	SAT007	C	ORG-ISRO	89.3	10	HIGH	NO
8	SAT008	Ku	SPACEX	55	420	65	28	65	68	05FEB2024	2024	2	23501	735	SAT008	Ku	ORG-SPACEX	57.8	28	MEDIUM	YES
9	SAT009	X	DRDO	92	135	190	5	96	98	10FEB2024	2024	2	23506	730	SAT009	X	ORG-DRDO	96.6	5	CRITICAL	NO
10	SAT010	Ka	ISRO	68	290	100	17	75	85	15FEB2024	2024	2	23511	725	SAT010	Ka	ORG-ISRO	71.4	17	HIGH	NO
11	SAT011	C	SPACEX	80	200	140	11	82	90	20FEB2024	2024	2	23516	720	SAT011	C	ORG-SPACEX	84.0	11	HIGH	NO
12	SAT012	Ku	ISRO	60	360	80	22	70	78	25FEB2024	2024	2	23521	715	SAT012	Ku	ORG-ISRO	63.0	22	MEDIUM	NO
13	SAT013	Ka	DRDO	64	320	90	19	72	82	01MAR2024	2024	3	23528	710	SAT013	Ka	ORG-DRDO	67.2	19	MEDIUM	NO
14	SAT014	C	ISRO	88	160	165	8	91	96	05MAR2024	2024	3	23532	706	SAT014	C	ORG-ISRO	92.4	8	CRITICAL	NO
15	SAT015	X	DRDO	94	130	195	4	97	99	10MAR2024	2024	3	23537	701	SAT015	X	ORG-DRDO	98.7	4	CRITICAL	NO
16	SAT016	Ku	SPACEX	57	410	68	27	66	70	15MAR2024	2024	3	23542	696	SAT016	Ku	ORG-SPACEX	59.9	27	MEDIUM	YES

·  Detect abnormal traffic

·  Network misuse

·  Cyber-attack indicators

8. PROC SQL ANALYSIS

proc sql;

    create table sql_summary as

    select Band_Type,

           avg(Signal_Strength) as Avg_Signal,

           avg(Latency_ms) as Avg_Latency,

           avg(Data_Rate) as Avg_DataRate,

           avg(Quality_Score) as Avg_Quality

    from satellite_links_fraud

    group by Band_Type;

quit;

proc print data=sql_summary;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Band_Type	Avg_Signal	Avg_Latency	Avg_DataRate	Avg_Quality
1	C	83.75	177.5	152.500	93.75
2	Ka	64.75	312.5	92.500	81.75
3	Ku	61.60	366.0	80.600	76.00
4	X	92.00	135.0	188.333	98.00

·  Business-friendly

·  Easy aggregation

·  Used heavily in clinical & telecom

9. PROC FREQ

proc freq data=satellite_links_fraud;

    tables Band_Type Util_Class Fraud_Flag;

run;

OUTPUT:

The FREQ Procedure

Band_Type	Frequency	Percent	Cumulative Frequency	Cumulative Percent
C	4	25.00	4	25.00
Ka	4	25.00	8	50.00
Ku	5	31.25	13	81.25
X	3	18.75	16	100.00

Util_Class	Frequency	Percent	Cumulative Frequency	Cumulative Percent
CRITICAL	5	31.25	5	31.25
HIGH	4	25.00	9	56.25
MEDIUM	7	43.75	16	100.00

Fraud_Flag	Frequency	Percent	Cumulative Frequency	Cumulative Percent
NO	14	87.50	14	87.50
YES	2	12.50	16	100.00

·  Category distribution

·  Risk concentration analysis

10. PROC MEANS

proc means data=satellite_links_fraud mean min max std;

    var Signal_Strength Latency_ms Data_Rate Quality_Score;

run;

OUTPUT:

The MEANS Procedure

Variable	Mean	Minimum	Maximum	Std Dev
Signal_Strength Latency_ms Data_Rate Quality_Score	73.6250000 262.1875000 121.7500000 86.0000000	55.0000000 130.0000000 65.0000000 68.0000000	94.0000000 420.0000000 195.0000000 99.0000000	13.8413631 104.8644959 45.9020697 10.5261579

·  Central tendency

·  Variability

·  Performance benchmarking

11. PROC UNIVARIATE

proc univariate data=satellite_links_fraud;

    var Quality_Score;

    histogram Quality_Score;

run;

OUTPUT:

The UNIVARIATE Procedure

Variable: Quality_Score

Moments
N	16	Sum Weights	16
Mean	86	Sum Observations	1376
Std Deviation	10.5261579	Variance	110.8
Skewness	-0.3880409	Kurtosis	-1.254161
Uncorrected SS	119998	Corrected SS	1662
Coeff Variation	12.2397185	Std Error Mean	2.63153947

Basic Statistical Measures
Location		Variability
Mean	86.00000	Std Deviation	10.52616
Median	87.50000	Variance	110.80000
Mode	.	Range	31.00000
		Interquartile Range	17.00000

Tests for Location: Mu0=0
Test	Statistic		p Value
Student's t	t	32.68049	Pr > |t|	<.0001
Sign	M	8	Pr >= |M|	<.0001
Signed Rank	S	68	Pr >= |S|	<.0001

Quantiles (Definition 5)
Level	Quantile
100% Max	99.0
99%	99.0
95%	99.0
90%	98.0
75% Q3	95.5
50% Median	87.5
25% Q1	78.5
10%	70.0
5%	68.0
1%	68.0
0% Min	68.0

Extreme Observations
Lowest		Highest
Value	Obs	Value	Obs
68	8	95	3
70	16	96	14
72	4	97	5
78	12	98	9
79	6	99	15

The UNIVARIATE Procedure

·  Distribution shape

·  Outliers

·  Quality consistency

12. PROC CORR

proc corr data=satellite_links_fraud;

    var Signal_Strength Latency_ms Data_Rate Interference_Level Quality_Score;

run;

OUTPUT:

The CORR Procedure

5 Variables:	Signal_Strength Latency_ms Data_Rate Interference_Level Quality_Score

Simple Statistics
Variable	N	Mean	Std Dev	Sum	Minimum	Maximum
Signal_Strength	16	73.62500	13.84136	1178	55.00000	94.00000
Latency_ms	16	262.18750	104.86450	4195	130.00000	420.00000
Data_Rate	16	121.75000	45.90207	1948	65.00000	195.00000
Interference_Level	16	15.06250	7.97052	241.00000	4.00000	28.00000
Quality_Score	16	86.00000	10.52616	1376	68.00000	99.00000

Pearson Correlation Coefficients, N = 16 Prob > |r| under H0: Rho=0
	Signal_Strength	Latency_ms	Data_Rate	Interference_Level	Quality_Score
Signal_Strength	1.00000	-0.98874 <.0001	0.99258 <.0001	-0.98416 <.0001	0.97234 <.0001
Latency_ms	-0.98874 <.0001	1.00000	-0.97935 <.0001	0.99445 <.0001	-0.98808 <.0001
Data_Rate	0.99258 <.0001	-0.97935 <.0001	1.00000	-0.97409 <.0001	0.95301 <.0001
Interference_Level	-0.98416 <.0001	0.99445 <.0001	-0.97409 <.0001	1.00000	-0.99326 <.0001
Quality_Score	0.97234 <.0001	-0.98808 <.0001	0.95301 <.0001	-0.99326 <.0001	1.00000

·  Relationship analysis

·  Identify performance drivers

13. PROC SGPLOT

proc sgplot data=satellite_links_fraud;

    scatter x=Latency_ms y=Quality_Score;

run;

OUTPUT:

·  Visual insight

·  Latency vs Quality trade-off

14. SET,  APPEND

data new_links;

    set satellite_links_fraud;

    if Band_Type='Ka';

run;

proc print data=new_links;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Satellite_ID	Band_Type	Operator	Signal_Strength	Latency_ms	Data_Rate	Interference_Level	Utilization_Pct	Quality_Score	Link_Date	Year	Month	Next_Maintenance	Days_Since_Link	Satellite_ID_Clean	Band_Type_Proper	Operator_Clean	Signal_Adjusted	Safe_Interference	Util_Class	Fraud_Flag
1	SAT002	Ka	ISRO	65	310	95	18	72	81	05JAN2024	2024	1	23471	766	SAT002	Ka	ORG-ISRO	68.3	18	MEDIUM	NO
2	SAT006	Ka	ISRO	62	330	85	20	70	79	25JAN2024	2024	1	23491	746	SAT006	Ka	ORG-ISRO	65.1	20	MEDIUM	NO
3	SAT010	Ka	ISRO	68	290	100	17	75	85	15FEB2024	2024	2	23511	725	SAT010	Ka	ORG-ISRO	71.4	17	HIGH	NO
4	SAT013	Ka	DRDO	64	320	90	19	72	82	01MAR2024	2024	3	23528	710	SAT013	Ka	ORG-DRDO	67.2	19	MEDIUM	NO

proc append base=satellite_links_fraud 

            data=new_links force;

run;

proc print data=satellite_links_fraud;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Satellite_ID	Band_Type	Operator	Signal_Strength	Latency_ms	Data_Rate	Interference_Level	Utilization_Pct	Quality_Score	Link_Date	Year	Month	Next_Maintenance	Days_Since_Link	Satellite_ID_Clean	Band_Type_Proper	Operator_Clean	Signal_Adjusted	Safe_Interference	Util_Class	Fraud_Flag
1	SAT001	Ku	ISRO	78	240	120	12	85	92	01JAN2024	2024	1	23467	770	SAT001	Ku	ORG-ISRO	81.9	12	HIGH	NO
2	SAT002	Ka	ISRO	65	310	95	18	72	81	05JAN2024	2024	1	23471	766	SAT002	Ka	ORG-ISRO	68.3	18	MEDIUM	NO
3	SAT003	C	SPACEX	82	180	150	9	90	95	10JAN2024	2024	1	23476	761	SAT003	C	ORG-SPACEX	86.1	9	CRITICAL	NO
4	SAT004	Ku	SPACEX	58	400	70	25	68	72	15JAN2024	2024	1	23481	756	SAT004	Ku	ORG-SPACEX	60.9	25	MEDIUM	NO
5	SAT005	X	DRDO	90	140	180	6	93	97	20JAN2024	2024	1	23486	751	SAT005	X	ORG-DRDO	94.5	6	CRITICAL	NO
6	SAT006	Ka	ISRO	62	330	85	20	70	79	25JAN2024	2024	1	23491	746	SAT006	Ka	ORG-ISRO	65.1	20	MEDIUM	NO
7	SAT007	C	ISRO	85	170	155	10	88	94	01FEB2024	2024	2	23497	739	SAT007	C	ORG-ISRO	89.3	10	HIGH	NO
8	SAT008	Ku	SPACEX	55	420	65	28	65	68	05FEB2024	2024	2	23501	735	SAT008	Ku	ORG-SPACEX	57.8	28	MEDIUM	YES
9	SAT009	X	DRDO	92	135	190	5	96	98	10FEB2024	2024	2	23506	730	SAT009	X	ORG-DRDO	96.6	5	CRITICAL	NO
10	SAT010	Ka	ISRO	68	290	100	17	75	85	15FEB2024	2024	2	23511	725	SAT010	Ka	ORG-ISRO	71.4	17	HIGH	NO
11	SAT011	C	SPACEX	80	200	140	11	82	90	20FEB2024	2024	2	23516	720	SAT011	C	ORG-SPACEX	84.0	11	HIGH	NO
12	SAT012	Ku	ISRO	60	360	80	22	70	78	25FEB2024	2024	2	23521	715	SAT012	Ku	ORG-ISRO	63.0	22	MEDIUM	NO
13	SAT013	Ka	DRDO	64	320	90	19	72	82	01MAR2024	2024	3	23528	710	SAT013	Ka	ORG-DRDO	67.2	19	MEDIUM	NO
14	SAT014	C	ISRO	88	160	165	8	91	96	05MAR2024	2024	3	23532	706	SAT014	C	ORG-ISRO	92.4	8	CRITICAL	NO
15	SAT015	X	DRDO	94	130	195	4	97	99	10MAR2024	2024	3	23537	701	SAT015	X	ORG-DRDO	98.7	4	CRITICAL	NO
16	SAT016	Ku	SPACEX	57	410	68	27	66	70	15MAR2024	2024	3	23542	696	SAT016	Ku	ORG-SPACEX	59.9	27	MEDIUM	YES
17	SAT002	Ka	ISRO	65	310	95	18	72	81	05JAN2024	2024	1	23471	766	SAT002	Ka	ORG-ISRO	68.3	18	MEDIUM	NO
18	SAT006	Ka	ISRO	62	330	85	20	70	79	25JAN2024	2024	1	23491	746	SAT006	Ka	ORG-ISRO	65.1	20	MEDIUM	NO
19	SAT010	Ka	ISRO	68	290	100	17	75	85	15FEB2024	2024	2	23511	725	SAT010	Ka	ORG-ISRO	71.4	17	HIGH	NO
20	SAT013	Ka	DRDO	64	320	90	19	72	82	01MAR2024	2024	3	23528	710	SAT013	Ka	ORG-DRDO	67.2	19	MEDIUM	NO

·  Incremental data

·  Real-time feeds

15. PROC TRANSPOSE

proc transpose data=satellite_links_fraud out=transposed;

    by Band_Type NotSorted;

    var Quality_Score;

run;

proc print data=transposed;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Band_Type	_NAME_	COL1	COL2	COL3	COL4
1	Ku	Quality_Score	92	.	.	.
2	Ka	Quality_Score	81	.	.	.
3	C	Quality_Score	95	.	.	.
4	Ku	Quality_Score	72	.	.	.
5	X	Quality_Score	97	.	.	.
6	Ka	Quality_Score	79	.	.	.
7	C	Quality_Score	94	.	.	.
8	Ku	Quality_Score	68	.	.	.
9	X	Quality_Score	98	.	.	.
10	Ka	Quality_Score	85	.	.	.
11	C	Quality_Score	90	.	.	.
12	Ku	Quality_Score	78	.	.	.
13	Ka	Quality_Score	82	.	.	.
14	C	Quality_Score	96	.	.	.
15	X	Quality_Score	99	.	.	.
16	Ku	Quality_Score	70	.	.	.
17	Ka	Quality_Score	81	79	85	82

·  Reporting

·  Pivot-style layouts

16. PROC DATASETS DELETE

proc datasets library=work nolist;

    delete new_links;

quit;

LOG:

NOTE: Deleting WORK.NEW_LINKS (memtype=DATA).

·  Memory optimization

·  Clean workspace

17. BUSINESS INSIGHTS

·  Ka & X bands give highest data rates

·  High latency reduces quality

·  Interference > 25 is risky

·  Critical utilization needs expansion

·  Fraud mostly seen in high data + high latency links

18. CONCLUSION

This Satellite Communication Links project shows how SAS can be used like a real monitoring system for satellites.
By using DATA steps, PROC SQL, statistical procedures, macros, and date functions, we can clearly understand:

·       Which satellite links are strong or weak

·       How latency and interference affect quality

·       Which links are over-utilized and risky

·       Where abnormal or fraudulent behavior may exist

Overall, this project proves that SAS is not just for reports, but a powerful tool for decision-making, risk detection, and performance improvement in high-tech industries like satellite communication.

INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR YOU

·  What is indexing in SAS?

·  How do you prevent overwriting datasets?

·  What is the role of formats in reporting?

 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

About the Author:

SAS Learning Hub is a data analytics and SAS programming platform focused on clinical, financial, and real-world data analysis. The content is created by professionals with academic training in Pharmaceutics and hands-on experience in Base SAS, PROC SQL, Macros, SDTM, and ADaM, providing practical and industry-relevant SAS learning resources.

Disclaimer:

The datasets and analysis in this article are created for educational and demonstration purposes only. They do not represent SATELLITE data.

Our Mission:

This blog provides industry-focused SAS programming tutorials and analytics projects covering finance, healthcare, and technology.

This project is suitable for:

·  Students learning SAS

·  Data analysts building portfolios

·  Professionals preparing for SAS interviews

·  Bloggers writing about analytics and smart cities

·  EV and energy industry professionals

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Follow Us On : 

 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--->Follow our blog for more SAS-based analytics projects and industry data models.

---> Support Us By Following Our Blog..

To deepen your understanding of SAS analytics, please refer to our other data science and industry-focused projects listed below:

1.Who Are The Top Scientists In The World? – A Sas Data Analysis Project

2.Project How Can We Analyze The Indian Cigarette Market Using Sas? – A Complete Data Analytics Project

3.How Popular Are Legendary Indian Courtroom Scenes? – A Sas Data Analysis Project

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

About Us | Contact | Privacy Policy