273.ADVANCED SAS TECHNIQUES ON INDIAN STATES DATA: PROC PRINT | PROC MEANS | PROC FREQ | PROC FORMAT | PROC SORT | PROC REPORT | PROC SQL | PROC GPLOT | MACROS

ADVANCED SAS TECHNIQUES ON INDIAN STATES DATA: PROC PRINT | PROC MEANS | PROC FREQ | PROC FORMAT | PROC SORT | PROC REPORT | PROC SQL | PROC GPLOT | MACROS

 /*Creating A Dataset Of Indian states - population (in millions), area (kmsq), GDP (billion USD), literacy rate (%) */

1.Sample data on Indian states - population (in millions), area (kmsq), GDP (billion USD), literacy rate (%) 

options nocenter;

data india_states;

    infile datalines dlm=' ' dsd truncover;

    input State :$20. Population :8.2 Area :8. GDP :8.2 LiteracyRate :8.2;

datalines;

"Maharashtra" 112.37 307713 397.70 82.3

"UttarPradesh" 199.81 243286 230.10 67.7

"TamilNadu" 72.14 130058 274.30 80.3

"WestBengal" 91.35 88752 185.00 77.1

"Karnataka" 61.13 191791 220.60 75.4

"Gujarat" 60.44 196024 195.50 78.0

"Rajasthan" 68.62 342239 135.80 67.1

"AndhraPradesh" 49.67 162968 130.00 67.7

"Bihar" 104.10 94163 88.50 61.8

"Kerala" 33.38 38863 117.80 94.0

"Odisha" 41.97 155707 63.70 72.9

"Punjab" 27.74 50362 78.10 75.8

"Haryana" 25.35 44212 87.90 75.6

"Telangana" 35.19 112077 123.60 66.5

"Assam" 31.17 78438 44.80 72.2

"Jharkhand" 38.59 79716 41.20 67.6

"Chhattisgarh" 25.54 135192 38.60 71.0

"HimachalPradesh" 6.86 55673 24.10 83.8

"Uttarakhand" 10.08 53483 32.30 79.6

"Goa" 1.54 3702 11.10 88.7

;

run;

proc print data=india_states; 

run;

Output:

Obs	State	Population	Area	GDP	LiteracyRate
1	Maharashtra	112.37	307713	397.7	82.3
2	UttarPradesh	199.81	243286	230.1	67.7
3	TamilNadu	72.14	130058	274.3	80.3
4	WestBengal	91.35	88752	185.0	77.1
5	Karnataka	61.13	191791	220.6	75.4
6	Gujarat	60.44	196024	195.5	78.0
7	Rajasthan	68.62	342239	135.8	67.1
8	AndhraPradesh	49.67	162968	130.0	67.7
9	Bihar	104.10	94163	88.5	61.8
10	Kerala	33.38	38863	117.8	94.0
11	Odisha	41.97	155707	63.7	72.9
12	Punjab	27.74	50362	78.1	75.8
13	Haryana	25.35	44212	87.9	75.6
14	Telangana	35.19	112077	123.6	66.5
15	Assam	31.17	78438	44.8	72.2
16	Jharkhand	38.59	79716	41.2	67.6
17	Chhattisgarh	25.54	135192	38.6	71.0
18	HimachalPradesh	6.86	55673	24.1	83.8
19	Uttarakhand	10.08	53483	32.3	79.6
20	Goa	1.54	3702	11.1	88.7

1.1 OBS : Observations

proc print data=india_states (obs=15);

    title "Sample data of Indian States - Population, Area, GDP, Literacy";

run;

Output:

Sample data of Indian States - Population, Area, GDP, Literacy

Obs	State	Population	Area	GDP	LiteracyRate
1	Maharashtra	112.37	307713	397.7	82.3
2	UttarPradesh	199.81	243286	230.1	67.7
3	TamilNadu	72.14	130058	274.3	80.3
4	WestBengal	91.35	88752	185.0	77.1
5	Karnataka	61.13	191791	220.6	75.4
6	Gujarat	60.44	196024	195.5	78.0
7	Rajasthan	68.62	342239	135.8	67.1
8	AndhraPradesh	49.67	162968	130.0	67.7
9	Bihar	104.10	94163	88.5	61.8
10	Kerala	33.38	38863	117.8	94.0
11	Odisha	41.97	155707	63.7	72.9
12	Punjab	27.74	50362	78.1	75.8
13	Haryana	25.35	44212	87.9	75.6
14	Telangana	35.19	112077	123.6	66.5
15	Assam	31.17	78438	44.8	72.2

2. PROC MEANS: Summary statistics for numeric variables 

proc means data=india_states mean median min max maxdec=2;

    var Population Area GDP LiteracyRate;

    title "Descriptive statistics for population, area, GDP, and literacy";

run;

Output:

Descriptive statistics for population, area, GDP, and literacy

The MEANS Procedure

Variable	Mean	Median	Minimum	Maximum
Population Area GDP LiteracyRate	54.85 128220.95 126.04 75.25	40.28 103120.00 103.15 75.50	1.54 3702.00 11.10 61.80	199.81 342239.00 397.70 94.00

3. PROC FREQ: Frequency distribution of states grouped by literacy rate categories 

proc format;

    value literacy_fmt

    low -< 65 = 'Low Literacy'

    65 -< 75 = 'Moderate Literacy'

    75 - high = 'High Literacy';

run;

data states_lit;

    set india_states;

    LiteracyCat = put(LiteracyRate, literacy_fmt.);

run;

proc print data=states_lit (obs=10);

run;

Output:

Obs	State	Population	Area	GDP	LiteracyRate	LiteracyCat
1	Maharashtra	112.37	307713	397.7	82.3	High Literacy
2	UttarPradesh	199.81	243286	230.1	67.7	Moderate Literacy
3	TamilNadu	72.14	130058	274.3	80.3	High Literacy
4	WestBengal	91.35	88752	185.0	77.1	High Literacy
5	Karnataka	61.13	191791	220.6	75.4	High Literacy
6	Gujarat	60.44	196024	195.5	78.0	High Literacy
7	Rajasthan	68.62	342239	135.8	67.1	Moderate Literacy
8	AndhraPradesh	49.67	162968	130.0	67.7	Moderate Literacy
9	Bihar	104.10	94163	88.5	61.8	Low Literacy
10	Kerala	33.38	38863	117.8	94.0	High Literacy

proc freq data=states_lit;

    tables LiteracyCat / nocum;

    title "Frequency distribution by literacy categories";

run;

Output:

Frequency distribution by literacy categories

The FREQ Procedure

LiteracyCat	Frequency	Percent
High Literacy	11	55.00
Low Literacy	1	5.00
Moderate Literacy	8	40.00

 4. PROC SORT: Sort states by GDP descending 

proc sort data=india_states out=india_sorted_gdp;

    by descending GDP;

run;

proc print data=india_sorted_gdp (obs=10);run;

Output:

Obs	State	Population	Area	GDP	LiteracyRate
1	Maharashtra	112.37	307713	397.7	82.3
2	TamilNadu	72.14	130058	274.3	80.3
3	UttarPradesh	199.81	243286	230.1	67.7
4	Karnataka	61.13	191791	220.6	75.4
5	Gujarat	60.44	196024	195.5	78.0
6	WestBengal	91.35	88752	185.0	77.1
7	Rajasthan	68.62	342239	135.8	67.1
8	AndhraPradesh	49.67	162968	130.0	67.7
9	Telangana	35.19	112077	123.6	66.5
10	Kerala	33.38	38863	117.8	94.0

5. PROC REPORT: Tabulate top 10 states by GDP 

proc report data=india_sorted_gdp (obs=10) nowd headline spacing=1;

    column State Population GDP LiteracyRate;

    define State / display 'State';

    define Population / analysis format=comma10.1 'Population (in millions)';

    define GDP / analysis format=dollar12.1 'GDP (billion USD)';

    define LiteracyRate / analysis format=6.1 'Literacy Rate (%)';

    title "Top 10 Indian States by GDP";

run;

Output:

Top 10 Indian States by GDP

State	Population (in millions)	GDP (billion USD)	Literacy Rate (%)
Maharashtra	112.4	$397.7	82.3
TamilNadu	72.1	$274.3	80.3
UttarPradesh	199.8	$230.1	67.7
Karnataka	61.1	$220.6	75.4
Gujarat	60.4	$195.5	78.0
WestBengal	91.4	$185.0	77.1
Rajasthan	68.6	$135.8	67.1
AndhraPradesh	49.7	$130.0	67.7
Telangana	35.2	$123.6	66.5
Kerala	33.4	$117.8	94.0

6. PROC SQL: Get average GDP and Population by Literacy Category 

proc sql;

    create table avg_gdp_litcat as

    select 

        case 

          when LiteracyRate < 65 then 'Low Literacy'

          when LiteracyRate >= 65 and LiteracyRate < 75 then 'Moderate Literacy'

          else 'High Literacy'

        end as LiteracyCategory,

        mean(GDP) as Avg_GDP format=dollar12.1,

        mean(Population) as Avg_Population format=comma10.1,

        count(State) as NumberOfStates

    from india_states

    group by calculated LiteracyCategory;

quit;

proc print data=avg_gdp_litcat;

    title "Average GDP and Population by Literacy Category";

run;

Output:

Average GDP and Population by Literacy Category

Obs	LiteracyCategory	Avg_GDP	Avg_Population	NumberOfStates
1	High Literacy	$147.7	45.7	11
2	Low Literacy	$88.5	104.1	1
3	Moderate Literacy	$101.0	61.3	8

7. Macro variable example: Define thresholds for GDP 

%let gdp_min=100;

%let gdp_max=300;

8. Macro program to filter states by GDP range dynamically 

%macro filter_states_by_gdp(min=&gdp_min, max=&gdp_max);

    title "States with GDP between &min and &max billion USD";

    proc print data=india_states;

        where GDP between &min and &max;

        var State GDP Population LiteracyRate;

        format GDP dollar12.1 Population comma10.1;

    run;

%mend;

%filter_states_by_gdp();

Output:

States with GDP between 100 and 300 billion USD

Obs	State	GDP	Population	LiteracyRate
2	UttarPradesh	$230.1	199.8	67.7
3	TamilNadu	$274.3	72.1	80.3
4	WestBengal	$185.0	91.4	77.1
5	Karnataka	$220.6	61.1	75.4
6	Gujarat	$195.5	60.4	78.0
7	Rajasthan	$135.8	68.6	67.1
8	AndhraPradesh	$130.0	49.7	67.7
10	Kerala	$117.8	33.4	94.0
14	Telangana	$123.6	35.2	66.5

9. PROC GPLOT: Plot GDP vs Population with color by Literacy category 

symbol1 v=dot c=blue h=1;

symbol2 v=star c=red h=1;

symbol3 v=circle c=green h=1;

proc gplot data=states_lit;

    plot GDP*Population=LiteracyCat / legend=legend1;

    title "Scatter plot of GDP vs Population categorized by Literacy";

run;

quit;

Output:

10. Macro example to print state info dynamically 

%macro print_state_info(state=);

    %put NOTE: Display info for state &state;

    proc print data=india_states noobs;

        where State = "&state";

        format Population comma10.1 GDP dollar12.1 LiteracyRate 6.1;

        title "Information for state: &state";

    run;

%mend;

%print_state_info(state=Kerala)

Output:

Information for state: Kerala

State	Population	Area	GDP	LiteracyRate
Kerala	33.4	38863	$117.8	94.0

11. PROC SQL advanced join example: Create a table showing states with population density 

11.1 First create a new variable PopulationDensity 

data india_states_density;

    set india_states;

    PopulationDensity = Population * 1e6 / Area; /* persons per sq km */

run;

proc print data=india_states_density(obs=10);

run;

Output:

Obs	State	Population	Area	GDP	LiteracyRate	PopulationDensity
1	Maharashtra	112.37	307713	397.7	82.3	365.18
2	UttarPradesh	199.81	243286	230.1	67.7	821.30
3	TamilNadu	72.14	130058	274.3	80.3	554.68
4	WestBengal	91.35	88752	185.0	77.1	1029.27
5	Karnataka	61.13	191791	220.6	75.4	318.73
6	Gujarat	60.44	196024	195.5	78.0	308.33
7	Rajasthan	68.62	342239	135.8	67.1	200.50
8	AndhraPradesh	49.67	162968	130.0	67.7	304.78
9	Bihar	104.10	94163	88.5	61.8	1105.53
10	Kerala	33.38	38863	117.8	94.0	858.91

proc sql;

    create table state_density_info as

    select State, Population, Area, GDP, LiteracyRate, PopulationDensity format=comma7.1

    from india_states_density

    order by PopulationDensity desc;

quit;

proc print data=state_density_info (obs=15);

    title "Indian States with Population Density";

run;

Output:

Indian States with Population Density

Obs	State	Population	Area	GDP	LiteracyRate	PopulationDensity
1	Bihar	104.10	94163	88.5	61.8	1,105.5
2	WestBengal	91.35	88752	185.0	77.1	1,029.3
3	Kerala	33.38	38863	117.8	94.0	858.9
4	UttarPradesh	199.81	243286	230.1	67.7	821.3
5	Haryana	25.35	44212	87.9	75.6	573.4
6	TamilNadu	72.14	130058	274.3	80.3	554.7
7	Punjab	27.74	50362	78.1	75.8	550.8
8	Jharkhand	38.59	79716	41.2	67.6	484.1
9	Goa	1.54	3702	11.1	88.7	416.0
10	Assam	31.17	78438	44.8	72.2	397.4
11	Maharashtra	112.37	307713	397.7	82.3	365.2
12	Karnataka	61.13	191791	220.6	75.4	318.7
13	Telangana	35.19	112077	123.6	66.5	314.0
14	Gujarat	60.44	196024	195.5	78.0	308.3
15	AndhraPradesh	49.67	162968	130.0	67.7	304.8

12. Advanced macro to create report with variable threshold for Population Density 

%macro report_high_density(threshold=500);

    title "States with Population Density above &threshold persons per sq km";

    proc print data=state_density_info;

        where PopulationDensity > &threshold;

        var State PopulationDensity Population Area LiteracyRate GDP;

        format Population comma10.1 GDP dollar12.1;

    run;

%mend;

%report_high_density(threshold=600);

Output:

States with Population Density above 600 persons per sq km

Obs	State	PopulationDensity	Population	Area	LiteracyRate	GDP
1	Bihar	1,105.5	104.1	94163	61.8	$88.5
2	WestBengal	1,029.3	91.4	88752	77.1	$185.0
3	Kerala	858.9	33.4	38863	94.0	$117.8
4	UttarPradesh	821.3	199.8	243286	67.7	$230.1

13. PROC FORMAT advanced example: Define GDP categories 

proc format;

    value gdp_cat_fmt

    low -< 50 = 'Low GDP'

    50 -< 150 = 'Medium GDP'

    150 - high = 'High GDP';

run;

data india_states_gdp_cat;

    set india_states;

    GDP_Category = put(GDP, gdp_cat_fmt.);

run;

proc print data=india_states_gdp_cat (obs=10);run;

Output:

Obs	State	Population	Area	GDP	LiteracyRate	GDP_Category
1	Maharashtra	112.37	307713	397.7	82.3	High GDP
2	UttarPradesh	199.81	243286	230.1	67.7	High GDP
3	TamilNadu	72.14	130058	274.3	80.3	High GDP
4	WestBengal	91.35	88752	185.0	77.1	High GDP
5	Karnataka	61.13	191791	220.6	75.4	High GDP
6	Gujarat	60.44	196024	195.5	78.0	High GDP
7	Rajasthan	68.62	342239	135.8	67.1	Medium GDP
8	AndhraPradesh	49.67	162968	130.0	67.7	Medium GDP
9	Bihar	104.10	94163	88.5	61.8	Medium GDP
10	Kerala	33.38	38863	117.8	94.0	Medium GDP

13.1 PROC FREQ to see distribution 

proc freq data=india_states_gdp_cat;

    tables GDP_Category / nocum;

    title "Distribution of states by GDP category";

run;

Output:

Distribution of states by GDP category

The FREQ Procedure

GDP_Category	Frequency	Percent
High GDP	6	30.00
Low GDP	6	30.00
Medium GDP	8	40.00

14. Macro for generating summary by GDP category 

%macro summary_by_gdp_cat;

    proc means data=india_states_gdp_cat mean median min max maxdec=2;

        class GDP_Category;

        var Population LiteracyRate;

        title "Summary statistics of Population and Literacy Rate by GDP Category";

    run;

%mend;

%summary_by_gdp_cat;

Output:

Summary statistics of Population and Literacy Rate by GDP Category

The MEANS Procedure

GDP_Category	N Obs	Variable	Mean	Median	Minimum	Maximum
High GDP	6	Population LiteracyRate	99.54 76.80	81.75 77.55	60.44 67.70	199.81 82.30
Low GDP	6	Population LiteracyRate	18.96 77.15	17.81 75.90	1.54 67.60	38.59 88.70
Medium GDP	8	Population LiteracyRate	48.25 72.68	38.58 70.30	25.35 61.80	104.10 94.00

15. PROC REPORT for final polished report 

proc report data=india_states_gdp_cat nowd;

    columns State GDP GDP_Category Population LiteracyRate;

    define State / group;

    define GDP / analysis format=dollar12.1;

    define GDP_Category / group;

    define Population / analysis format=comma10.1;

    define LiteracyRate / analysis format=6.1;

    title "Indian States Detailed Report with GDP Categories";

run;

Output:

Indian States Detailed Report with GDP Categories

State	GDP	GDP_Category	Population	LiteracyRate
AndhraPradesh	$130.0	Medium GDP	49.7	67.7
Assam	$44.8	Low GDP	31.2	72.2
Bihar	$88.5	Medium GDP	104.1	61.8
Chhattisgarh	$38.6	Low GDP	25.5	71.0
Goa	$11.1	Low GDP	1.5	88.7
Gujarat	$195.5	High GDP	60.4	78.0
Haryana	$87.9	Medium GDP	25.4	75.6
HimachalPradesh	$24.1	Low GDP	6.9	83.8
Jharkhand	$41.2	Low GDP	38.6	67.6
Karnataka	$220.6	High GDP	61.1	75.4
Kerala	$117.8	Medium GDP	33.4	94.0
Maharashtra	$397.7	High GDP	112.4	82.3
Odisha	$63.7	Medium GDP	42.0	72.9
Punjab	$78.1	Medium GDP	27.7	75.8
Rajasthan	$135.8	Medium GDP	68.6	67.1
TamilNadu	$274.3	High GDP	72.1	80.3
Telangana	$123.6	Medium GDP	35.2	66.5
UttarPradesh	$230.1	High GDP	199.8	67.7
Uttarakhand	$32.3	Low GDP	10.1	79.6
WestBengal	$185.0	High GDP	91.4	77.1

To Visit My Previous Online Streaming Flatform Dataset:Click Here

To Visit My Previous Statistical Evaluation Of Clinical Trials:Click Here

To Visit My Previous Unlocking Retail Insights Dataset:Click Here

To Visit My Previous Sas Interview Questions-1:Click Here  

Follow Us On : 

 

--- FOLLOW OUR BLOG FOR MORE INFORMATION.

--->PLEASE DO COMMENTS AND SHARE OUR BLOG.