308.COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF INDIAN AGRICULTURAL CROPS USING DATA STEP | PROC SQL | MACRO DERIVATIONS | PROC MEANS | PROC FREQ | PROC SGPLOT | PROC SORT

COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF INDIAN AGRICULTURAL CROPS USING DATA STEP | PROC SQL | MACRO DERIVATIONS | PROC MEANS | PROC FREQ | PROC SGPLOT | PROC SORT

 1. Create the Raw Dataset Using DATA Step

options nocenter validvarname=any;

data work.india_crops;

    infile datalines dlm=',' dsd truncover;

    length Crop_Name $25 Region $20 Season $12 Water_Requirement $15;

    input Crop_Name :$25. Region :$20. Yield_Tons Price_per_Ton Season :$12. 

          Water_Requirement :$15.;

datalines;

Basmati Rice,North India,4200,55000,Kharif,High

Wheat,Northwest India,3800,22000,Rabi,Medium

Sugarcane,South India,9000,32000,Annual,High

Cotton,West India,2800,45000,Kharif,Low

Tea,North East India,2500,160000,Annual,High

Groundnut,South India,3300,48000,Kharif,Low

Maize,Central India,3600,20000,Kharif,Medium

Jowar,West India,3000,18000,Rabi,Low

Soybean,Central India,3400,42000,Kharif,Medium

Turmeric,South India,2900,85000,Annual,Medium

;

run;

proc print data=work.india_crops;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Crop_Name	Region	Season	Water_Requirement	Yield_Tons	Price_per_Ton
1	Basmati Rice	North India	Kharif	High	4200	55000
2	Wheat	Northwest India	Rabi	Medium	3800	22000
3	Sugarcane	South India	Annual	High	9000	32000
4	Cotton	West India	Kharif	Low	2800	45000
5	Tea	North East India	Annual	High	2500	160000
6	Groundnut	South India	Kharif	Low	3300	48000
7	Maize	Central India	Kharif	Medium	3600	20000
8	Jowar	West India	Rabi	Low	3000	18000
9	Soybean	Central India	Kharif	Medium	3400	42000
10	Turmeric	South India	Annual	Medium	2900	85000

2. PROC SQL – Create Derived Variables

proc sql;

    create table work.india_crops_sql as

    select *,

           (Yield_Tons * Price_per_Ton) as Total_Revenue format=comma12.

    from work.india_crops;

quit;

proc print data=work.india_crops_sql;

run;

OUTPUT:

Obs	Crop_Name	Region	Season	Water_Requirement	Yield_Tons	Price_per_Ton	Total_Revenue
1	Basmati Rice	North India	Kharif	High	4200	55000	231,000,000
2	Wheat	Northwest India	Rabi	Medium	3800	22000	83,600,000
3	Sugarcane	South India	Annual	High	9000	32000	288,000,000
4	Cotton	West India	Kharif	Low	2800	45000	126,000,000
5	Tea	North East India	Annual	High	2500	160000	400,000,000
6	Groundnut	South India	Kharif	Low	3300	48000	158,400,000
7	Maize	Central India	Kharif	Medium	3600	20000	72,000,000
8	Jowar	West India	Rabi	Low	3000	18000	54,000,000
9	Soybean	Central India	Kharif	Medium	3400	42000	142,800,000
10	Turmeric	South India	Annual	Medium	2900	85000	246,500,000

3. Macro for Repetitive Derivation

%macro yieldcat(input=, output=);

    data &output.;

        set &input.;

        length Yield_Category $15;

        if Yield_Tons >= 4000 then Yield_Category = "HIGH_YIELD";

        else if Yield_Tons >= 3000 then Yield_Category = "MEDIUM_YIELD";

        else Yield_Category = "LOW_YIELD";

    run;

    proc print data=&output;

run;

%mend;

%yieldcat(input=work.india_crops_sql, output=work.crops_final);

OUTPUT:

Obs	Crop_Name	Region	Season	Water_Requirement	Yield_Tons	Price_per_Ton	Total_Revenue	Yield_Category
1	Basmati Rice	North India	Kharif	High	4200	55000	231,000,000	HIGH_YIELD
2	Wheat	Northwest India	Rabi	Medium	3800	22000	83,600,000	MEDIUM_YIELD
3	Sugarcane	South India	Annual	High	9000	32000	288,000,000	HIGH_YIELD
4	Cotton	West India	Kharif	Low	2800	45000	126,000,000	LOW_YIELD
5	Tea	North East India	Annual	High	2500	160000	400,000,000	LOW_YIELD
6	Groundnut	South India	Kharif	Low	3300	48000	158,400,000	MEDIUM_YIELD
7	Maize	Central India	Kharif	Medium	3600	20000	72,000,000	MEDIUM_YIELD
8	Jowar	West India	Rabi	Low	3000	18000	54,000,000	MEDIUM_YIELD
9	Soybean	Central India	Kharif	Medium	3400	42000	142,800,000	MEDIUM_YIELD
10	Turmeric	South India	Annual	Medium	2900	85000	246,500,000	LOW_YIELD

4. Summary Statistics Using PROC MEANS

proc means data=work.crops_final mean min max maxdec=2;

    var Yield_Tons Price_per_Ton Total_Revenue;

run;

OUTPUT:

The MEANS Procedure

Variable	Mean	Minimum	Maximum
Yield_Tons Price_per_Ton Total_Revenue	3850.00 52700.00 180230000.00	2500.00 18000.00 54000000.00	9000.00 160000.00 400000000.00

5. Frequency Tables Using PROC FREQ

proc freq data=work.crops_final;

    tables Region Season Water_Requirement Yield_Category;

run;

OUTPUT:

The FREQ Procedure

Region	Frequency	Percent	Cumulative Frequency	Cumulative Percent
Central India	2	20.00	2	20.00
North East India	1	10.00	3	30.00
North India	1	10.00	4	40.00
Northwest India	1	10.00	5	50.00
South India	3	30.00	8	80.00
West India	2	20.00	10	100.00

Season	Frequency	Percent	Cumulative Frequency	Cumulative Percent
Annual	3	30.00	3	30.00
Kharif	5	50.00	8	80.00
Rabi	2	20.00	10	100.00

Water_Requirement	Frequency	Percent	Cumulative Frequency	Cumulative Percent
High	3	30.00	3	30.00
Low	3	30.00	6	60.00
Medium	4	40.00	10	100.00

Yield_Category	Frequency	Percent	Cumulative Frequency	Cumulative Percent
HIGH_YIELD	2	20.00	2	20.00
LOW_YIELD	3	30.00	5	50.00
MEDIUM_YIELD	5	50.00	10	100.00

6. Visualization Using PROC SGPLOT

Plot 1: Yield by Crop

proc sgplot data=work.crops_final;

    vbar Crop_Name / response=Yield_Tons datalabel;

    xaxis display=(nolabel);

    yaxis label="Yield (Tons)";

    title "Yield Comparison of Agricultural Crops in India";

run;

OUTPUT:

Plot 2: Price per Ton by Region

proc sgplot data=work.crops_final;

    scatter x=Region y=Price_per_Ton / group=Season datalabel=Crop_Name;

    title "Price per Ton by Region and Season";

run;

OUTPUT:

7. Sort Dataset by Total Revenue

proc sort data=work.crops_final out=work.crops_sorted;

    by descending Total_Revenue;

run;

proc print data=work.crops_sorted;

    title "Crops Sorted by Total Revenue (Highest to Lowest)";

run;

OUTPUT:

Crops Sorted by Total Revenue (Highest to Lowest)

Obs	Crop_Name	Region	Season	Water_Requirement	Yield_Tons	Price_per_Ton	Total_Revenue	Yield_Category
1	Tea	North East India	Annual	High	2500	160000	400,000,000	LOW_YIELD
2	Sugarcane	South India	Annual	High	9000	32000	288,000,000	HIGH_YIELD
3	Turmeric	South India	Annual	Medium	2900	85000	246,500,000	LOW_YIELD
4	Basmati Rice	North India	Kharif	High	4200	55000	231,000,000	HIGH_YIELD
5	Groundnut	South India	Kharif	Low	3300	48000	158,400,000	MEDIUM_YIELD
6	Soybean	Central India	Kharif	Medium	3400	42000	142,800,000	MEDIUM_YIELD
7	Cotton	West India	Kharif	Low	2800	45000	126,000,000	LOW_YIELD
8	Wheat	Northwest India	Rabi	Medium	3800	22000	83,600,000	MEDIUM_YIELD
9	Maize	Central India	Kharif	Medium	3600	20000	72,000,000	MEDIUM_YIELD
10	Jowar	West India	Rabi	Low	3000	18000	54,000,000	MEDIUM_YIELD

8. Generate a Boxplot of Yield by Season

proc sgplot data=work.crops_final;

    vbox Yield_Tons / category=Season;

    title "Distribution of Crop Yield Across Seasons";

run;

OUTPUT:

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